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\u4e00\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u539f\u5219\u7684\u786e\u7acb\u53ca\u5176\u7279\u5f81\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u8bcd\u636e\u8bf4\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u665a\u671f\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u30021851\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u00b7\u970d\u5229\u7ea6\u514b(George Jacob Holyoake)\u9996\u6b21\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u503c\u5f97\u80af\u5b9a\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u79e9\u5e8f\u5f15\u5165\u516c\u5171\u8bdd\u8bed\u3002\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u5473\u7740\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u6709\u5173\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u6700\u521d\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u65b0\u6559\u6539\u9769\u548c\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7b49\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\u5f97\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u7684\u603b\u7406\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u5bf9\u4ed6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u60b2\u60e8\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5baa\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5\u6700\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5b57\u773c\u6765\u5f3a\u8c03\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u672f\u8bed\u65f6\uff0c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u8bcd\u5185\u6db5\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u6027\u3001\u9002\u7528\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9002\u7528\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u57281948\u5e7412\u67086\u65e5\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u6d1b\u5361\u7eb3\u7279\u00b7\u7c73\u65af\u62c9(Lokanath Misra)\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u6cbb\u540e\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u6700\u7b26\u5408\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5230\u5e95\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u56fd\u5bb6\u6253\u7b97\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6db5\u76d6\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u2026\u2026\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u7684\u76f8\u4fe1\u5b97\u6559\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5206\u79bb\u51fa\u6765\u5417\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u63a5\u53d7\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u5b97\u6559\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u786e\u58f0\u660e\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u5207\u6709\u5173\u5b97\u6559\u6743\u5229\u7684\u63d0\u6cd5\u3002\u201d\u5baa\u6cd5\u8d77\u8349\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u526f\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6155\u514b\u5409(Harendra Coomar Mookherjee)\u4e5f\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u5bfb\u6c42\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8db3\u591f\u8bda\u5b9e\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u627f\u8ba4\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u201d\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u548c\u5b89\u500d\u5fb7\u5361\u5c14\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u6d89\u53ca\u5728\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u5bf9\u5176\u7528\u6cd5\u6301\u8c28\u614e\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u548c\u5b89\u500d\u5fb7\u5361\u5c14\u5b8c\u5168\u77e5\u9053\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u81ea\u542f\u8499\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u79c1\u4eba\u4e8b\u52a1\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u6ca1\u6709\u5408\u6cd5\u6743\u529b\u53c2\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u4e8b\u52a1\u8fd9\u4e00\u524d\u63d0\u4e0a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c06\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5e9f\u9664\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u79cd\u59d3\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u89e6\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u6539\u9769\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5a5a\u59fb\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u7ee7\u627f\u6536\u517b\u7b49\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u627f\u8ba4\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5c5e\u4eba\u6cd5\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5236\u5ea6\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6070\u6070\u662f\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8d4b\u4e88\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u89c4\u5b9a\u5370\u5ea6\u4e3a\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u53d7\u5230\u5305\u62ec\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5728\u5185\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0e\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c25\u6761\u76f4\u63a5\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n

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1973\u5e74\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u65af\u74e6\u7c73\u00b7\u51ef\u8428\u74e6\u5357\u8fbe\u00b7\u5df4\u62c9\u8482(Swamy Kesavananda Bharati)\u8bc9\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6848\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u5224\u51b3\u4e2d\uff0c\u88c1\u51b3\u8bae\u4f1a\u6709\u6743\u4fee\u6539\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u201c\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u201d\u3002\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5baa\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u653f\u4f53\u3001\u8054\u90a6\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5206\u6743\u5236\u8861\u3001\u4e3b\u6743\u7edf\u4e00\u7b49\u539f\u5219\u30021976\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u8bae\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c42\u6761\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7531\u201c\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u201c\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u201d\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5baa\u6cd5\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7cbe\u795e\u6b63\u5f0f\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u5baa\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6559\u6d3e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4fb5\u8680<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u6216\u201c\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(communalism)\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6839\u636e\u5b97\u6559\u5206\u6b67\u6765\u5206\u88c2\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6b63\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5370\u5ea6\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u6b21\u5927\u9646\u5206\u88c2\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u660e\u4e00\u5206\u4e3a\u4e8c\u3002\u5728\u7518\u5730\u88ab\u6697\u6740\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u5bf9\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u5371\u5bb3\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6709\u7740\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5171\u8bc6\u30021951\u5e74\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5e74\u4f1a\u51b3\u8bae\u4e2d\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u6240\u5ba3\u5e03\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5c31\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u4e0d\u6b67\u89c6\u4efb\u4f55\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u7ec4\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u56e2\u4f53\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6743\u5229\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u201d\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u672c\u4eba\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u653f\u515a\u5229\u7528\u5b97\u6559\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u8c0b\u5229\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u90a3\u4e9b\u9f13\u52b1\u5b97\u6559\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u53cd\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u3001\u9521\u514b\u6559\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u30021963\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u8bae\u4f1a\u4eba\u6c11\u9662\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff0c\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u6700\u5371\u9669\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u52bf\u529b\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u523070\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u6cbb\u6a21\u5f0f\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u826f\u597d\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5185\u9601\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4e4f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u5b97\u6559\u6d3e\u522b\u5728\u884c\u653f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u6559\u6d3e\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u6d89\u53ca\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5f0f\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u7518\u5730\u5f0f\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u540e\u8005\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u5e38\u5e38\u5f88\u96be\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u5b8c\u5168\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5185\u90e8\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u8005\u3002\u65e9\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6559\u6d3e\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5185\u9010\u6e10\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5177\u6709\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u30021924\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a(Hindu Mahasabha)\u7684\u5e74\u4f1a\u548c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u5e74\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u5357\u90e8\u57ce\u5e02\u8d1d\u5c14\u9ad8\u59c6\u53ec\u5f00\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4eba\u4e5f\u540c\u65f6\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u800c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e5f\u5ba3\u5e03\u652f\u6301\u56fd\u5927\u515a\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u653f\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u5316\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u523030\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5c31\u5206\u9053\u626c\u9573\u4e86\u30021933\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u7701\u4e00\u7ea7\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6297\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u5173\u7cfb\u7834\u88c2\uff0c\u4f46\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u7559\u5728\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fdb\u5165\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u515a\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u804c\u4f4d\u548c\u597d\u5904\u7684\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u6cd5\u6848(Hindu CodeBills)\u3001\u7acb\u6cd5\u7981\u6b62\u5bb0\u725b\u3001\u5916\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b49\u653f\u6559\u5173\u7cfb\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5185\u90e8\u5145\u6ee1\u5206\u6b67\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5185\u8bb8\u591a\u70ed\u5fc3\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u4e5f\u5bf9\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u8bae\u9898\u62b1\u6709\u70ed\u60c5\u3002\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e8c\u53f7\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u526f\u603b\u7406\u517c\u5185\u653f\u90e8\u957f\u74e6\u62c9\u5df4\u4f0a\u00b7\u5e15\u7279\u5c14(Vallabhbhai Patel)\u867d\u7136\u4e3b\u5f20\u5bf9\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u786c\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5374\u4ece\u4e0d\u63a9\u9970\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u53d1\u8a93\u4e0d\u91cd\u5efa\u7d22\u59c6\u7eb3\u7279\u5bfa\u5e99(Somnath Temple)\u51b3\u4e0d\u7f62\u4f11\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u5bfa\u5e99\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u4f9b\u5949\u6e7f\u5a46\u795e\u7684\u5341\u4e8c\u5ea7\u5723\u6bbf\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u30021951\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u7d22\u59c6\u7eb3\u7279\u795e\u5e99\u843d\u6210\uff0c\u603b\u7edf\u666e\u62c9\u8428\u5fb7(Rajendra Prasad)\u51fa\u5e2d\u5e76\u5728\u5178\u793c\u4e0a\u81f4\u8f9e\u3002\u5728\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u5883\u5185\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5185\u56f4\u7ed5\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5baa\u6cd5\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u6743\u5229\u4e0d\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5f85\u5176\u5883\u5185\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u3002\u4e0e\u5e15\u7279\u5c14\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u666e\u9c81\u6c99\u5854\u59c6\u00b7\u8fbe\u65af\u00b7\u4e39\u987f(Purushottam Das Tandon)\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u4e0d\u5408\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8f9e\u53bb\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u804c\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u7269\u5982\u5854\u5e93\u5c14\u00b7\u8fbe\u65af\u00b7\u5df4\u5c14\u52a0\u74e6(Thakur Dass Bhargava)\u3001\u585e\u65af\u00b7\u9ad8\u6587\u5fb7\u00b7\u8fbe\u65af(Seth Govind Das)\u7b49\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u70ed\u5fc3\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u6781\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u901a\u8fc7\u7acb\u6cd5\u7981\u6b62\u5bb0\u725b\u3002\u5728\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u53bb\u4e16\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5185\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u79c1\u4e0b\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u4e3a\u6570\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u53ea\u662f\u9ed8\u8bb8\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5e76\u6b22\u8fce\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5c31\u66f4\u52a0\u666e\u904d\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u5b97\u6559\u4ece\u4e8b\u9009\u4e3e\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5f53\u6559\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u575a\u5b9a\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u9762\u524d\u65e0\u52a8\u4e8e\u8877\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u50cf\u4ed6\u90a3\u6837\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u91c7\u53d6\u5982\u6b64\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u6301\u540c\u60c5\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u8fd8\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u5377\u5165\u4e86\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u4ee3\u8868\u5c11\u6570\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u515a\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u867d\u7136\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\uff0c\u5374\u5728\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u90a6\u548c\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u5148\u540e\u4e0e\u963f\u5361\u5229\u515a\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u5408\u4f5c\u30021956\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e0e\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u90a6\u4ee3\u8868\u9521\u514b\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u963f\u5361\u5229\u515a\u8fbe\u6210\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u963f\u5361\u5229\u515a\u540c\u610f\u5c06\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u9650\u5b9a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u9521\u514b\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5bf9\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57281957\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u65f6\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u963f\u5361\u5229\u515a\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4ee5\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u53c2\u9009\u30021959\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u88ab\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u63a5\u7ba1\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u603b\u7edf\u6cbb\u7406\u30021961\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e0e\u666e\u62c9\u8d3e\u793e\u4f1a\u515a(Praja Socialist Party)\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u8fbe\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u9635\u7ebf\uff0c\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u83b7\u80dc\u3002\u4f46\u9009\u4e3e\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u62c5\u5fc3\u88ab\u6307\u8d23\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u5b9e\u884c\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u4e0e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u6ca1\u6709\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u51e0\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u83b7\u80dc\u7684\u9009\u533a\u91cc\u9762\u653e\u5f03\u63d0\u540d\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u62d2\u7edd\u5c06\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u7684\u6210\u5458\u7eb3\u5165\u5185\u9601\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u5377\u5165\u6559\u6d3e\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u79cd\u59d3\u5e38\u5e38\u6210\u4e3a\u51b3\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e2a\u9009\u533a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u3002\u5c11\u6570\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u6311\u9009\u51fa\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u88ab\u9009\u5165\u653f\u5e9c\u5185\u9601\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u6210\u4e3a\u540e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u65f6\u4ee3\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65ad\u9000\u5374\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b80\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d7\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u9a6c\u8bfa(James Manor)\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u201c20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u6700\u4ee4\u4eba\u9707\u60ca\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\uff0c\u82f1\u8fea\u62c9\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c99\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u53f3\u7ffc\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bae\u7a0b\u201d\u3002\u5728\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9a71\u4f7f\u4e0b\uff0c\u82f1\u8fea\u62c9\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5f00\u59cb\u516c\u7136\u8fce\u5408\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\uff0c\u8c0b\u53d6\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u5206\u6563\u9521\u514b\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u9009\u7968\uff0c\u524a\u5f31\u5176\u5728\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u90a6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b\u963f\u5361\u5229\u515a\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u6276\u6301\u9521\u514b\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5ba3\u5e03\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u652f\u6301\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002\u82f1\u8fea\u62c9\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\uff0c\u8bae\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u963f\u91cc\u683c\u5c14\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u6848\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u300b[The Aligarh Muslim University(Amendment)Act\uff0c1981]\uff0c\u63a8\u7ffb\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e8e1951\u5e74\u548c1965\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u963f\u91cc\u683c\u5c14\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u7fa4\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff1b\u82f1\u8fea\u62c9\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u672c\u4eba\u4e3a\u7531\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e16\u754c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a(Vishva Hindu Parishad\uff0cVHP)\u5174\u5efa\u7684\u5df4\u62c9\u7279\u739b\u5854\u795e\u5e99(BharatMata Mandir)\u63ed\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u62c9\u5409\u592b\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u6267\u653f\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u5e72\u9884\u6c99\u963f\u00b7\u5df4\u8bfa(Shah Bano)\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba8\u597d\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4fdd\u5b88\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u60dc\u7834\u574f\u4e09\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u7684\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u8fdd\u80cc\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u7b56\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u201d\u6240\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u90e8\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6c11\u6cd5\u5178\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u4fb5\u8680\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u83b7\u5f97\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e4b\u95e8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u91cd\u6784\u4e00\u79cd\u8bc9\u8bf8\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd8\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0e\u672c\u571f\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5524\u8d77\u5171\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u8ba4\u540c\u3001\u52a8\u5458\u5bf9\u6297\u5916\u6765\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u88ab\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u6240\u4fe1\u4ef0\u65f6\uff0c\u8bc9\u8bf8\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u5f80\u5f80\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u53c8\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0a\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u70b9\u8868\u73b0\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n

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\u4e00\u3001\u5f3a\u5236\u519b\u4e8b\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u5bf9\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u786c\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u4e00\u81f4\u30021980\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6210\u7acb\uff0c<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u7ee7\u627f\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u515a\u7684\u7eb2\u9886\u63d0\u70bc\u4e3a\u4e09\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u8bae\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u5df4\u5e03\u91cc\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\u539f\u5740\u91cd\u5efa\u7f57\u6469\u5e99\uff1b\u5e9f\u9664\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5c5e\u4eba\u6cd5\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u90e8\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6c11\u6cd5\u5178\uff1b\u53d6\u6d88\u514b\u4ec0\u7c73\u5c14\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6b63\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u9ad8\u4e3e\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u6539\u5199\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7248\u56fe\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8131\u80ce\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6210\u529f\u8f6c\u578b\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68b3\u7406\u81ea\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u7b56\u7565\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5370\u5ea6\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5b89\u6392\u548c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u6539\u9020\u4e86\u5baa\u6cd5\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u517c\u5bb9\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bdd\u8bed\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5ba3\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u4e2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u5370\u5ea6\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u30021951\u5e74\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5e0c\u4e9a\u9a6c\u00b7\u666e\u62c9\u8428\u5fb7\u00b7\u6155\u514b\u5409(Syama Prasad Mookerjee)\u6b64\u524d\u66fe\u662f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5185\u9601\u6210\u5458\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec5\u4ee3\u8868\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u6210\u5458\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u975e\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u515a\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u524d\u9014\u7684\u3002\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u662f\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u515a\u5458\u6700\u521d\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u3002\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c06\u515a\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5411\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5f00\u653e\u800c\u4e0d\u8bba\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u6279\u8bc4\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u662f\u7531\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c31\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u800c\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6559\u6d3e\u7ed3\u76df\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u53cd\u5bf9\u628a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b97\u6559\u673a\u6784\u5e94\u5c06\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\u9650\u5236\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u8428\u74e6\u5c14\u5361\u548c\u6208\u5c14\u74e6\u5361\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u7406\u5ff5\u62c9\u5f00\u4e86\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u5728\u6155\u514b\u5409\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e4c\u5e15\u5fb7\u4e9a\u96c5(Deendayal Upadhyaya)\u63d0\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u201c\u8fbe\u6469\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d(Dharma Rajya)\u3002\u201c\u8fbe\u6469\u201d\u5177\u6709\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6b63\u6cd5\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u8d23\u4efb\u7b49\u591a\u91cd\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u5bf9\u4e8e\u515a\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u30021980\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u6210\u5458\u5e0c\u671b\u5c06\u653f\u515a\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u74e6\u6770\u5e15\u4f0a\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u515a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5927\u515a\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5438\u6536\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6210\u5458\u52a0\u5165\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u7ae0\u7a0b\u4f1a\u4e0e\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u627f\u8bfa\u6548\u5fe0\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u515a\u7ae0\u79f0\u201c\u515a\u5c06\u5fe0\u8bda\u4e8e\u5baa\u6cd5\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u201d\u3002\u515a\u7ae0\u540c\u65f6\u89c4\u5b9a\u515a\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u5411\u5168\u793e\u4f1a\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u515a\u5458\u5ba3\u8a93\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u201c\u6211\u8d5e\u540c\u975e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u6982\u5ff5\u201d\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6279\u8bc4\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u5426\u8ba4\u5176\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u7406\u5ff5\u4e3a\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u4eba\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(Integrated Humanism)\u548c\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d(Hindutva)\u3002\u5728\u5bf9\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u4eba\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u4e3b\u5e2d\u4e4c\u5e15\u5fb7\u4e9a\u96c5\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u5bf9\u6297\u795e\u6743\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5370\u5ea6\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u662f\u6b63\u6cd5(Dharma)\u3002\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u6b63\u6cd5\u6d89\u53ca\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\u6b63\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u662f\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u3001\u666e\u4e16\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4\u6b63\u6cd5\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u201c\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d(Dharma Rajya)\u3002\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u627f\u8ba4\u5b97\u6559\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u5e78\u798f\u548c\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u7ef4\u6301\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u9075\u5faa\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5e76\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u5904\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002\u56e0\u800c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u4fdd\u62a4\u6b63\u6cd5\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5f15\u5165\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u6982\u5ff5\u7eaf\u7cb9\u662f\u6a21\u4eff\u897f\u65b9\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c06\u6b63\u6cd5\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u5c06\u4e16\u4fd7\u56fd\u5bb6\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5426\u8ba4\u6b63\u6cd5\u6216\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u6b63\u6cd5\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8bd5\u56fe\u5426\u8ba4\u5b83\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u201c\u628a\u5370\u5ea6\u53d8\u6210\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u8c13\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u6279\u5224\u548c\u98a0\u8986\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u59d4\u5a49\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u518d\u6b21\uff0c\u5728\u88ab\u6307\u8d23\u4ee3\u8868\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4f2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(Pseudo-secularism)\u6982\u5ff5\u5bf9\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u653f\u515a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u6c61\u540d\u5316\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5bf9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5b9e\u884c\u7684\u201c\u7ee5\u9756\u653f\u7b56\u201d(politics of appeasement)\uff0c\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u57fa\u4e8e\u9009\u4e3e\u9700\u8981\u7684\u201c\u7968\u4ed3\u653f\u6cbb\u201d(vote-bankpolitics)\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5728\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u548c\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u90a6\u4e3a\u4e86\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u60dc\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u53ca\u9521\u514b\u6559\u7684\u963f\u5361\u5229\u515a\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u6279\u8bc4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u6307\u8d23\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u6beb\u65e0\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u8a00\u3002\u57281958\u5e74\u7684\u7ade\u9009\u7eb2\u9886\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u540c\u76df\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u4eca\u5929\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7ee5\u9756\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u59d4\u5a49\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u59a5\u534f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5373\u4f7f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6362\u53d6\u53e3\u5934\u4e0a\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u4ed8\u51fa\u9ad8\u6602\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u201d20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u963f\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c3c(L.K.Advani)\u501f\u7528\u201c\u4f2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u63cf\u8ff0\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5bf9\u5f85\u5c11\u6570\u5b97\u6559\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u7531\u6b64\u8fdb\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u653f\u6cbb\u8bdd\u8bed\uff0c\u88ab\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u8d34\u4e0a\u4e86\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u53cd\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u3001\u53cd\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u62d2\u7edd\u6539\u9769\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5b97\u6559\u5c5e\u4eba\u6cd5\u3001\u5e72\u9884\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u5224\u51b3\u3001\u51fa\u53f0\u300a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5987\u5973(\u79bb\u5a5a\u6743\u5229\u4fdd\u62a4)\u6cd5\uff0c1986\u300b\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u653f\u7b56\u4e0d\u4ec5\u906d\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u4e5f\u906d\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8fdb\u6b65\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e3\u5b9e\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u9886\u8896\u53cd\u590d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u865a\u4f2a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u53d8\u8fc1\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c06\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u770b\u4f5c\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u7684\u7968\u4ed3\uff0c\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u5bf9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65e0\u6240\u4f5c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49(minority communalism)\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5386\u6b21\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u90fd\u4e0d\u9057\u4f59\u529b\u5730\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u5851\u9020\u6210\u53cd\u6297\u4f2a\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(Positive Secularism)\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u6240\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u5e73\u7b49\u53d1\u5c55\u201d(Sarva Dharma Samabhav)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u539f\u5219\u88ab\u6539\u9020\u6210\u7518\u5730\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u4e5f\u5bf9\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6539\u9020\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e94\u56e0\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u610f\u5473\u7740\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u5173\u7cfb\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u591a\u5143\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u548c\u5171\u5b58\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u5370\u5ea6\u53e4\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u540c\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u5904\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u5b83\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u627f\u8ba4\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u6216\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\uff0c\u5426\u8ba4\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u4fdd\u6301\u540c\u7b49\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u65e0\u8bba\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5982\u4f55\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4eab\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6743\u5229\u548c\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u804c\u52a1\u4e2d\u7ed9\u4e88\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u90fd\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c\u8fdd\u53cd\u56fd\u5bb6\u7edf\u4e00\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u5206\u88c2\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n

1998\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7ec4\u5efa\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u65f6\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u53ca\u5176\u76df\u53cb\u516c\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cbb\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u201d(The National Agenda for Governance)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(Genuine Secularism)\u90e8\u5206\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7ed3\u5408\u5370\u5ea6\u2018\u5e73\u7b49\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e00\u5207\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u2019\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5e76\u5728\u4eba\u4eba\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5fe0\u5b9e\u5730\u652f\u6301\u5e76\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002\u201d\u201c\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3001\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u8bba\u8c03\u4e00\u76f4\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5386\u6b21\u7ade\u9009\u7eb2\u9886\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u53d6\u6d88\u8d4b\u4e88\u514b\u4ec0\u7c73\u5c14\u5730\u533a\u7279\u6b8a\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u6761\u6b3e\u3001\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u90e8\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6c11\u6cd5\u5178\u3001\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b9e\u884c\u9488\u5bf9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u8fd8\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u5176\u6781\u5177\u4e89\u8bae\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u878d\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u30022010\u5e74\uff0c\u963f\u5fb7\u74e6\u5c3c\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d\u65f6\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u81ea\u79f0\u4e0e\u6e7f\u5a46\u519b\u7b49\u5747\u4e3a\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d(Secular but Hindutva)\u653f\u515a\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u975e\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u515a\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u9a6c\u54c8\u62c9\u65bd\u7279\u62c9\u90a6\u9996\u5e2d\u90e8\u957f\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5fb7\u6587\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u6cd5\u5fb7\u7eb3\u7ef4\u65af(Devendra Fadnavis)\u8fd8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d(Secular Hindutva)\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5df2\u7ecf\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u91cd\u5efa\u4e86\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u5c06\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u7eb3\u5165\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u5370\u5ea6\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u515a\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u8bdd\u8bed<\/h2>\n

\u5f53\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u515a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc9\u8bf8\u4e00\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u6709\u4e86\u7acb\u8db3\u4e4b\u5730\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u653f\u515a\u5f88\u96be\u5bf9\u8fd9\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u89c6\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u653f\u515a\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5728\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u505a\u6cd5\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e4b\u95e8\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u53c8\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u6570\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u88ab\u8feb\u5411\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c48\u670d\u30021989\u5e74\uff0c\u62c9\u5409\u592b\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u5728\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7ade\u9009\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u627f\u8bfa\u5c06\u5e26\u9886\u5370\u5ea6\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u7f57\u6469\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d(Ram Rajya)\u30021999\u5e741\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u5f53\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6b63\u9886\u5bfc\u7740\u5168\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u540c\u76df\u7684\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u6267\u653f\u65f6\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u51b3\u7b56\u673a\u6784\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6b63\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u627f\u8ba4\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u201d\u662f\u201c\u57fa\u672c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

2004\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u65f6\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5728\u7ade\u9009\u7eb2\u9886\u4e2d\u79f0\u201c\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0a\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u91c7\u53d6\u5e73\u6743\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3a\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u548c\u5361\u7eb3\u5854\u514b\u90a6\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fdd\u7559\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u843d\u540e\u7684\u9636\u5c42\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u627f\u8bfa\u5c06\u8fd9\u9879\u9488\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u843d\u540e\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u8fdb\u6b65\u8054\u76df\u4efb\u547d\u8428\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(Sachar Committee)\u8bc4\u4f30\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e8b\u52a1\u90e8\u3002\u8428\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u5efa\u8bae\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u7b49\u673a\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(Equal Opportunity Commission)\uff0c\u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u4f4f\u623f\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u843d\u540e\u5730\u4f4d\u548c\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u63d0\u4f9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u906d\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u8fdb\u6b65\u8054\u76df\u653f\u5e9c\u6267\u653f\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u53cd\u5b97\u6559\u51b2\u7a81\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u904f\u5236\u4e86\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u52bf\u5934\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6d6a\u8d39\u4e86\u6062\u590d\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u673a\u9047\u201d\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u5f20\u5c06\u4fdd\u7559\u653f\u7b56\u6269\u5927\u5230\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff0c\u5c06\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6574\u4f53\u89c6\u4f5c\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u5904\u4e8e\u843d\u540e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6559\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6846\u67b6\u63a8\u5411\u201c\u5b97\u6559\u591a\u5143\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u4e16\u4fd7\u5316\u201d(secularism)\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u627f\u8bfa\u88ab\u201c\u6559\u6d3e\u5316\u201d(communalism)\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u6cd5\u5730\u6276\u6301\u751a\u81f3\u5e2e\u52a9\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u800c\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u6210\u5458\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea2014\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u9ad8\u6da8\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba9\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u53ca\u5176\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\u9000\u5c45\u6b21\u5e2d\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f2017\u5e74\u5317\u65b9\u90a6\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5f00\u59cb\u6a21\u4eff\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u5409\u62c9\u7279\u90a6\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u90a6\u548c\u62c9\u8d3e\u65af\u5766\u90a6\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6d3b\u52a8\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u62c9\u80e1\u5c14\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u9891\u7e41\u53c2\u89c2\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5bfa\u5e99\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u9762\u524d\u5c55\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u63a8\u5d07\u4e0e\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u5ba3\u626c\u5176\u5a46\u7f57\u95e8\u5bb6\u5ead\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u95ed\u53e3\u4e0d\u63d0\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8def\u7ebf\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d70\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u8fc7\u53bb\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ade\u9009\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u90a6\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u627f\u8bfa\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u5976\u725b\u5e87\u62a4\u6240\uff0c\u59a5\u5584\u9972\u517b\u65e0\u4eba\u7167\u6599\u7684\u5976\u725b\uff1b\u53d1\u5c55\u725b\u5c3f\u548c\u725b\u7caa\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u5efa\u636e\u8bf4\u7f57\u6469\u5927\u795e\u5728\u6b64\u5f00\u59cb\u5176\u6d41\u4ea1\u7ecf\u5386\u65f6\u6240\u8d70\u7684\u9053\u8def\u7b49\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5730\u65b9\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e0e\u515a\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u66f4\u52a0\u660e\u663e\u30022018\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u88c1\u51b3\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u7684\u6c99\u5df4\u745e\u739b\u62c9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u795e\u5e99(Sabarimala Temple)\u7981\u6b62\u541110-50\u5c81\u5973\u6027\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u8fdd\u5baa\uff0c\u5e76\u6388\u6743\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u52a8\u7528\u8b66\u5bdf\u529b\u91cf\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u5224\u51b3\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e2d\u592e\u5bf9\u6b64\u5224\u51b3\u8868\u793a\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u4f46\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4ee5\u634d\u536b\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u53cd\u5bf9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u88c1\u51b3\u3002\u62c9\u80e1\u5c14\u00b7\u7518\u5730\u6700\u521d\u4ee5\u5c0a\u91cd\u5973\u6027\u5e73\u7b49\u6743\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u516c\u5f00\u53cd\u9a73\u5580\u62c9\u62c9\u90a6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u62c9\u80e1\u5c14\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c0a\u91cd\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u5c0a\u91cd\u5987\u5973\u6743\u5229\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u90fd\u6210\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

2019\u5e74\u9a6c\u54c8\u62c9\u65bd\u7279\u62c9\u90a6\u9009\u4e3e\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u751a\u81f3\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u76df\u53cb\u3001\u5177\u6709\u6d53\u539a\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u6e7f\u5a46\u519b\u7ec4\u6210\u4e86\u8054\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7acb\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u662f\u73b0\u5b9e\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d62\u5f97\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u201c\u8f6f\u201d\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027(Soft Hindutva)\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u5927\u9009\u548c\u90a6\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u8282\u8d25\u9000\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91c7\u7528\u8fce\u5408\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u591a\u6570\u6d3e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u5370\u5ea6\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u91cd\u5927\u6311\u6218\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u634d\u536b\u8005\u7684\u56fd\u5927\u515a\uff0c\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u6743\u5229\u5730\u4f4d\u7b49\u91cd\u5927\u653f\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u6559\u6d3e\u53e3\u5934\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u2026\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u5c11\u6570\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u7ee5\u9756\u2026\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u6295\u7968\u2026\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u53d8\u8272\uff1a\u2018\u4ec7\u6068\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u2019\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u653f\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u201d2013\u5e74\uff0c\u83ab\u8fea\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u9762\u5411\u6d77\u5916\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u7684\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u79f0\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ed6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7b2c\u4e00\u30022014\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u65f6\uff0c\u83ab\u8fea\u518d\u6b21\u91cd\u7533\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u7b2c\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u83ab\u8fea\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u671f\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u53cd\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u53d7\u5230\u7eb5\u5bb9\u548c\u9f13\u52b1\u30022019\u5e745\u670823\u65e5\uff0c\u83ab\u8fea\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u603b\u90e8\u7684\u80dc\u9009\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u79f0\uff0c\u201c\u8fc7\u53bb\u6709\u4e2a\u65f6\u9ae6\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6234\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f6a\u8fc7\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6d17\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n

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