{"id":6130,"date":"2026-01-06T22:56:45","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T14:56:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/?p=6130"},"modified":"2026-01-06T22:56:45","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T14:56:45","slug":"%e8%af%84%e8%ae%ba-%e6%9c%aa%e5%af%8c%e5%85%88%e8%80%81%e3%80%81%e6%9c%aa%e5%bc%ba%e5%85%88%e8%a1%b0%ef%bc%8c%e5%b7%b4%e5%9f%ba%e6%96%af%e5%9d%a6%e5%b7%a5%e4%b8%9a%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b5%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/?p=6130","title":{"rendered":"\u8bc4\u8bba | \u672a\u5bcc\u5148\u8001\u3001\u672a\u5f3a\u5148\u8870\uff0c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u5de5\u4e1a\u5982\u4f55\u8d70\u5411\u5d29\u574f\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/strong>\u725b\u9a6c\u767d\u65e5\u72c2\u60f3
\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/strong>\u5357\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8baf
\u539f\u6587\uff1a<\/strong>\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u539f\u6587<\/a>
\u672c\u6587\u51715009\u5b57\u9605\u8bfb\u9884\u8ba113\u5206\u949f<\/div>\n

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\u4e00\u3001\u7f8e\u5143\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u7f8e\u5143\u53c8\u8d70\u4e861947\u5e74\u5370\u5df4\u5206\u6cbb\u65f6\uff0c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u53ea\u83b7\u5f97\u4e8617%\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u4e0d\u52304%\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8fde\u706b\u67f4\u548c\u7eb8\u5f20\u90fd\u9020\u4e0d\u51fa\uff0c\u5b98\u5458\u751a\u81f3\u7528\u65e7\u62a5\u7eb8\u5199\u529e\u516c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8f6c\u673a\u6e90\u4e8e1950\u5e74\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u9ec4\u9ebb\u51fa\u53e3\u7684\u66b4\u5229\u8ba9\u56fd\u5bb6\u77ed\u6682\u66b4\u5bcc\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba9\u5784\u65ad\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u7a46\u54c8\u5409\u5c14\u5546\u4eba\u8d5a\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6876\u91d1\u3002\u4f461952\u5e74\u6218\u4e89\u7ea2\u5229\u6d88\u9000\uff0c\u5916\u6c47\u89c1\u5e95\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u751f\u5b58\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\u6d88\u8d39\u54c1\u8fdb\u53e3\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u53e3\u673a\u5668\u3002\u7981\u4ee4\u610f\u5916\u5730\u903c\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\uff1a\u5012\u7237\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8fdb\u53e3\u5012\u5356\u505a\u4e0d\u4e86\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4e70\u673a\u5668\u9020\u5e03\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u53e3\u6d88\u8d39\u54c1\u7684\u5916\u6c47\uff0c\u88ab\u6362\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0\u53f0\u7eba\u7eb1\u673a\u30021958\u5e74\uff0c\u7eba\u7ec7\u5382\u867d\u7136\u5efa\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5916\u6c47\u4e5f\u88ab\u638f\u7a7a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u865a\u5047\u7684\u7e41\u8363\u963f\u5c24\u5e03\u00b7\u6c57\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6709\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u94b1\u4e70\u914d\u5957\u4ea7\u54c1\u201d\u7684\u70eb\u624b\u5c71\u828b\u3002\u867d\u7136<\/h2>\n

\u5f53\u65f6\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u8d44\u91d1\u7f3a\u53e3\u3002\u51fa\u53e3\u80fd\u8d5a\u5916\u6c47\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u7ed3\uff1a\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u5f3a\u5236\u7ef4\u6301\u5362\u6bd4\u7684\u9ad8\u6c47\u7387\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u592a\u8d35\uff0c\u5356\u4e0d\u6389\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u964d\u4ef7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e8f\u672c\u7529\u5356\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f25\u8865\u5de5\u5382\u7684\u4e8f\u635f\uff0c\u963f\u5c24\u5e03\u6c57\u7684\u5fb7\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u987e\u95ee\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u201c\u51fa\u53e3\u5956\u91d1\u5238\u5236\u5ea6\u201d (Bonus Voucher Scheme) \u3002\u5546\u4eba\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u62ff\u5230\u5362\u6bd4\u8ba1\u7684\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u5f20\u201c\u8fdb\u53e3\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u5238\u201d\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u8fd9\u5f20\u5238\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7092\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u5f20\u5238\u9762\u503c20\u5362\u6bd4\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4eba\u6025\u9700\u5b83\u6765\u4e70\u8fdb\u53e3\u8c6a\u8f66\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u613f\u610f\u82b130\u5362\u6bd4\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u9ad8\u6765\u4e70\u8fd9\u5f20\u5238\u3002\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u7b49\u4e8e\u767d\u6361\u4e86\u4e00\u7b14\u5de8\u6b3e\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u5242\u6709\u6bd2\u7684\u6fc0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u5238\u515c\u5e95\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e0d\u518d\u5173\u5fc3\u5982\u4f55\u964d\u4f4e\u751f\u4ea7\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u60f3\u7740\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u66f4\u591a\u4f4e\u52a3\u4ea7\u54c1\u5356\u5230\u56fd\u5916\u83b7\u53d6\u5956\u91d1\u5238\u3002\u56fd\u5185\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u8d5a\u94b1\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7c97\u66b4\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u662f\u54c8\u4f5b\u987e\u95ee\u56e2\uff08Harvard Advisory Group\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269Gustav Papanek\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5141\u8bb8\u8d22\u5bcc\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u624b\u91cc\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7a77\u4eba\u6709\u94b1\u53ea\u4f1a\u5403\u6389\uff0c\u800c\u5bcc\u4eba\u6709\u94b1\u4f1a\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u518d\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u963f\u5c24\u5e03\u653f\u5e9c\u5f00\u59cb\u624b\u52a8\u201c\u5236\u9020\u201d\u5bcc\u4eba\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u524d\u5df4\u653f\u5c40\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u5546\u4eba\u4eec\u53ea\u6562\u505a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u68c9\u7eba\u8d5a\u5feb\u94b1\uff0c\u4e0d\u6562\u6295\u6280\u672f\u96be\u3001\u56de\u672c\u6162\u7684\u91cd\u5de5\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u63a8\u52a8\u56fd\u5bb6\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u516c\u53f8\uff08PIDC\uff09\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u5316\u80a5\u3001\u6c34\u6ce5\u3001\u9020\u8239\u5382\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5382\u5b50\u76c8\u5229\u4e86\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u4f4e\u4ef7\u5730\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u4e0b\u91d1\u86cb\u7684\u9e21\u201d\u5356\u7ed9\u79c1\u4eba\u3002\u8457\u540d\u768422\u4e2a\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8fc5\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9ed8\u8bb8\u548c\u9ad8\u5173\u7a0e\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f01\u4e1a\u80fd\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u591a\u70c2\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4e70\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80fd\u5356\u9ad8\u4ef7\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u8eba\u7740\u5c31\u80fd\u8d5a\u5784\u65ad\u5229\u6da6\uff0c\u6ca1\u4eba\u82b1\u5de8\u8d44\u53bb\u641e\u6709\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7814\u53d1\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u52a0\u901f\u8d44\u91d1\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u963f\u5c24\u5e03\u653f\u5e9c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u653e\u94f6\u884c\u724c\u7167\u7ed9\u5546\u4e1a\u5927\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u4eec\u5efa\u8bbe\u79c1\u4eba\u94f6\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u8d37\u7ed9\u4e86\u81ea\u5bb6\u5de5\u5382\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u56fd\u5bb6\u94f6\u884c\u901a\u5e38\u914d\u5408\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u201c\u589e\u957f\u4f18\u5148\u201d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6ca1\u51fa\u53f0\u9650\u5236\u5173\u8054\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u6cd5\u89c4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u6781\u5176\u5bb9\u6613\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5ec9\u4ef7\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u591a\u5efa\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u7eba\u7ec7\u5382\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4e94\u5e74\u8ba1\u5212\uff081960-1965\u5e74\uff09\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5df4\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f16.2%\uff0cGDP\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f6.8%\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u9876\u7ea7\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ece\u8d26\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u6570\u5b57\u5728\u6da8\uff0c\u5de5\u5382\u904d\u5730\u5f00\u82b1\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u589e\u957f\u662f\u201c\u8d1f\u9644\u52a0\u503c\u201d (Negative Value Added\uff09\u7684\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6Ronald Soligo\u548cJoseph Stern\u572860\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u7b97\u5956\u91d1\u5238\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u5382\u51fa\u53e3\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u539f\u6750\u6599\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u4ef7\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e09\u3001\u97e9\u56fd\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u4e5f\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u9ad8\u5173\u7a0e\u548c\u8fdb\u53e3\u7981\u4ee4\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u97e9\u56fd\u548c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7684\u201c\u4fdd\u62a4\u201d\u6709\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/h2>\n

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