{"id":486,"date":"2021-10-20T23:16:06","date_gmt":"2021-10-20T15:16:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/?p=486"},"modified":"2021-10-20T23:16:06","modified_gmt":"2021-10-20T15:16:06","slug":"%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6-%e9%bd%90%e4%bb%81%e8%be%be%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%b0%e5%ba%a6%e5%9b%bd%e6%97%97%e5%8f%98%e8%bf%81%e7%a9%b6%e7%ab%9f%e5%86%85%e5%90%ab%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e7%8e%84%e5%a6%99%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/?p=486","title":{"rendered":"\u7814\u7a76 | \u9f50\u4ec1\u8fbe\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u53d8\u8fc1\u7a76\u7adf\u5185\u542b\u4ec0\u4e48\u7384\u5999\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"nyyjtx-imported-article\" style=\"max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;color:#1f2933;font-size:17px;line-height:1.95;letter-spacing:0;\">\n<div class=\"wechat-article-meta\" style=\"margin:0 0 22px;padding:12px 14px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;background:#f6f8fb;color:#53606d;font-size:14px;line-height:1.8;\"><strong>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/strong>\u9f50\u4ec1\u8fbe<br \/><strong>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/strong>\u5357\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u901a\u8baf<br \/><strong>\u539f\u6587\uff1a<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/ehIfz27eOo1vchwej9Htnw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u539f\u6587<\/a><br \/>\u672c\u6587\u517120226\u5b57\u9605\u8bfb\u9884\u8ba1\u7ea630\u5206\u949f<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7f16\u8f91 | \u7a46\u794e\u74a0 \u9648\u5353 \u5bfc\u8a00 \u56fd\u5bb6\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u6539\u53d8\u5219\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8bde\u751f\u4e8e\u53cd\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u6597\u4e89\u671f\u95f4\u30021921\u5e74\u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u6301\u8bbe\u8ba1\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u4ee5\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u6559\u6d3e\u56e2\u7ed3\u30021931\u5e74\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u51b3\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u5177\u6709\u7518\u5730\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u30021947\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5f62\u5236\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5f0f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u5176\u8574\u542b\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5230\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4ee5\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u524d\u5c31\u4e0d\u8d5e\u540c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5404\u7248\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f4620\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6001\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u56fd\u65d7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u5458\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f46\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u51fa\u53f02002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u518d\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5f62\u5236\u867d\u7136\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u5df2\u7531\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5f0f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5411\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u3002\u4ece\u72ec\u7acb\u524d\u5230\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5f62\u5236\u548c\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d41\u53d8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d41\u53d8\u72b6\u6001\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d41\u53d8\u7684\u5173\u952e\u52a8\u56e0\u5219\u662f\u4ee5\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5357\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7279\u6b64\u8f6c\u8f7d\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bf8\u4f4d\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\u7f51\u7edc\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5efa\u6784\u5177\u6709\u6587\u5316\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u3002\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u00b7D.\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u5373\u662f\u201c\u62e5\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u5927\u4f17\u6027\u516c\u5171\u6587\u5316\u201d\u3002[1]\u5171\u540c\u6587\u5316\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5bb6\u56ed\u548c\u5fc3\u7075\u5f52\u5c5e\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f7f\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u5bf9\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u6170\u85c9\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u5efa\u6784\u5171\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u3002\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u00b7D.\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8c61\u5f81\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u65d7\u5e1c\u3001\u8d27\u5e01\u3001\u56fd\u6b4c\u3001\u5236\u670d\u3001\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7891\u548c\u5178\u793c\uff09\u80fd\u591f\u5524\u8d77\u6c11\u65cf\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u9057\u4ea7\u548c\u6587\u5316\u8840\u7f18\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u201d[2] \u5370\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u56fd\u6b4c\u3001\u56fd\u65d7\u7b49\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5bf9\u6c11\u65cf\u548c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u4e0e\u7231\u3002\u201d[3] \u5370\u5ea6\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ece\u201c\u5730\u7406\u201d\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u201c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u201c\u56fd\u5bb6\u201d\u5370\u5ea6\u5230\u201c\u56fd\u65cf\u201d\u5370\u5ea6\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d41\u53d8\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u3002[4]\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u5f62\u5236\u548c\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e1921\u5e74\u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u6301\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u30021931\u5e74\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\u30021947\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u524d\u5915\u5bf91931\u7248\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u53c8\u505a\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u6837\u5f0f\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u5f62\u5f0f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u53d8\u52a8\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u4e5f\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d41\u53d8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u79cd\u59d3\u3001\u5730\u57df\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u597d\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7b49\u5b97\u6559\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin:1.8em 0 .75em;padding-left:12px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;font-size:1.18em;line-height:1.55;font-weight:700;color:#14213d;\">\u4e00\u3001\u53cd\u6297\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0e\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u4f7f\u547d\uff1a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u840c\u82bd\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u840c\u82bd\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u53cd\u6297\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u3001\u4e89\u53d6\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u30021905\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u5ba3\u5e03\u5206\u5272\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u7701\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u51b3\u5b9a\u6781\u5927\u523a\u6fc0\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u8fd0\u52a8\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u8f6e\u9ad8\u6f6e\u30021906\u5e74\uff0c\u8428\u94a6\u5fb7\u62c9\u00b7\u666e\u62c9\u8428\u5fb7\u00b7\u9c8d\u65af\uff08Sachindra Prasad Bose\uff09\u548c\u82cf\u5e93\u9a6c\u5c14\u00b7\u7c73\u7279\u62c9\uff08Sukumar Mitra\uff09\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u5206\u5272\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u9762\u5305\u542b\u201c\u81f4\u656c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d\uff08Vande Mataram\uff09\u5b57\u6837\u4ee5\u53ca\u83b2\u82b1\u3001\u592a\u9633\u3001\u65b0\u6708\u56fe\u6848\u7684\u7eff\u9ec4\u7ea2\u4e09\u8272\u56fd\u65d7\u30021907\u5e74\uff0c\u6bd4\u51ef\u5409\u00b7\u5361\u739b\u592b\u4eba\uff08Madam Bhikaiji Cama\uff09\u5c06\u8be5\u65d7\u5e1c\u7565\u52a0\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5c06\u4e09\u8272\u7531\u7eff\u9ec4\u7ea2\u6539\u4e3a\u6a59\u9ec4\u7eff\uff0c\u5c06\u65b0\u6708\u56fe\u6848\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u661f\u6708\u56fe\u6848\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u201c\u81f4\u656c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d\u5b57\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">1917\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u63d0\u62c9\u514b\uff08Lokamya Tilak\uff09\u548c\u5b89\u59ae\u00b7\u8d1d\u6851\u7279\uff08Annie Besant\uff09\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u9762\u5305\u542b\u4e03\u661f\u3001\u661f\u6708\u4ee5\u53ca\u7c73\u5b57\u65d7\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u7ea2\u7eff\u4e24\u8272\u65d7\u3002[5] \u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u53cd\u6297\u5916\u6765\u7edf\u6cbb\u3001\u4e89\u53d6\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u89c9\u9192\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u89c9\u9192\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u5bf9\u5916\u8ba4\u5f02\u548c\u5bf9\u5185\u8ba4\u540c\u3002\u56e2\u7ed3\u6c11\u4f17\u3001\u6fc0\u53d1\u6c11\u4f17\u53cd\u6297\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u60c5\u7eea\u662f\u56fd\u65d7\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u6fc0\u53d1\u6c11\u65cf\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u8981\u660e\u786e\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u5747\u660e\u786e\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe\u6848\u548c\u989c\u8272\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u591a\u6837\u6027\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8c10\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u3002[6] \u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e09\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u5747\u672a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6b63\u5f0f\u65d7\u5e1c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0e\u5f53\u4ee3\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u840c\u82bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">1906\u5e74\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6837\u5f0f \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 1907\u5e74\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6837\u5f0f \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 1917\u5e74\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6837\u5f0f \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin:1.8em 0 .75em;padding-left:12px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;font-size:1.18em;line-height:1.55;font-weight:700;color:#14213d;\">\u4e8c\u3001\u4ece\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u5230\u53bb\u6559\u6d3e\u5316\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u5f62\u5236\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u786e\u7acb\u53ca\u5176\u53d8\u52a8<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5f53\u4ee3\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e1921\u5e74\u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u6301\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5408\u4f5c\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u5f00\u5c55\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u663e\u5f97\u7d27\u8feb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7518\u5730\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u9662\uff08National College\uff09\u7684\u5e73\u52a0\u5229\u00b7\u6587\u51ef\u4e9a\uff08Pingali Venkayya\uff09\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u8c61\u5f81\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u7ea2\u7eff\u4e24\u8272\u52a0\u7eba\u8f66\u56fe\u6848\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u540e\u7518\u5730\u53c8\u5efa\u8bae\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u767d\u8272\uff0c\u5c06\u56fd\u65d7\u6539\u4e3a\u4e86\u767d\u7eff\u7ea2\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u3002[7] \u767d\u8272\u5c45\u4e0a\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u5c45\u4e2d\u3001\u7ea2\u8272\u5c45\u4e0b\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u4e2d\u95f4\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u67b6\u7eba\u8f66\u56fe\u6848\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u4e09\u8272\u53ca\u5176\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u57281921\u5e744\u670813\u65e5\u505a\u8fc7\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u80cc\u666f\u5e94\u662f\u767d\u8272\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u548c\u7ea2\u8272\u3002\u767d\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u6700\u5f31\u7684\u5e94\u5360\u636e\u7b2c\u4e00\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u6392\u5728\u6700\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u6700\u5f3a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5e94\u662f\u6700\u5f31\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u76fe\u3002\u201d[8] \u7eba\u8f66\u5f62\u8c61\u662f\u7531\u6765\u81ea\u8d3e\u5362\u5fb7\u7684\u62c9\u62c9\u00b7\u6c49\u65af\u62c9\u4f0a\uff08Lala Hansraj of Jullunder\uff09\u5411\u7518\u5730\u5efa\u8bae\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u3002\u7518\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7eba\u8f66\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5c31\u5982\u7a7a\u6c14\u548c\u6c34\u3002[9] 1921\u5e74\u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u5bfc\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65d7\u5e1c\u672a\u7ecf\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4f1a\u8bae\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0d\u5408\u4f5c\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5420\u9640\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u7ea2\u8272\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u65d7\u5e1c\u7684\u8272\u5f69\uff1b\u5728\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u989c\u8272\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u65d7\u5e1c\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u5728\u4e8e\u4f53\u73b0\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u4e0e\u7518\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u5408\u4f5c\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u57fa\u62c9\u53d1\u8fd0\u52a8\u5021\u5bfc\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u53cd\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u3001\u4e89\u53d6\u5370\u5ea6\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u7518\u5730\u7279\u8272\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u65d7\u5e1c\u5305\u542b\u592a\u591a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u88ab\u6307\u5e26\u6709\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u5acc\u7591\u3002\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u8981\u6c42\u5355\u7eaf\u4f7f\u7528\u7ea2\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\uff08RSS\uff09\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u62d2\u7edd\u627f\u8ba4\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\uff0c\u9521\u514b\u6559\u5f92\u7b49\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u7279\u8272\u672a\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u65d7\u5e1c\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u5473\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u5f62\u5236\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u6548\u5e94\u968f\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u53d1\u5c55\u9010\u6b65\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u30021929\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u62c9\u5408\u5c14\u5e74\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e89\u53d6\u5370\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff08Purna Swaraj resolution\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u89c4\u5b9a1930\u5e741\u670826\u65e5\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u65e5\u3002\u81ea1930\u5e74\u59cb\uff0c\u4e89\u53d6\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u65b0\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e0d\u5408\u4f5c\u8fd0\u52a8\u5728\u7518\u5730\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\u8fc5\u901f\u5f00\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[10] \u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u6301\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u6559\u6d3e\u4e0d\u6ee1\u60c5\u7eea\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5f3a\u70c8\u30021929\u5e749\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u5728\u52d2\u514b\u7459\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u989c\u8272\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u65d7\u5e1c\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u727a\u7272\uff0c\u767d\u8272\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u7eaf\u6d01\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\uff1a\u56e2\u7ed3\u3002\u201d[11] 1930\u5e7410\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e5f\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5411\u6000\u7591\u8005\u6f84\u6e05\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u989c\u8272\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u4f55\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002[12] \u4f46\u662f\u4ec5\u9760\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u65e0\u6cd5\u6d88\u9664\u7518\u5730\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u65e5\u76ca\u51f8\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">1931\u5e744\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5361\u62c9\u5947\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u6307\u5b9a\u8428\u8fbe\u5c14\u00b7\u5e15\u7279\u5c14\u3001\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u3001\u6bdb\u62c9\u90a3\u00b7\u963f\u624e\u5fb7\u7b49\u4e03\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u56fd\u65d7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8bc4\u4f30\u73b0\u6709\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f\u3002\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201c\u4e00\u81f4\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u6559\u6d3e\u610f\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u65e2\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5370\u5ea6\u53e4\u8001\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\uff08saffron\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u4fdd\u7559\u7eba\u8f66\u56fe\u6848\uff0c\u7eba\u8f66\u4f7f\u7528\u84dd\u8272\u3002[13] \u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u662f\u706b\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u82e6\u884c\u8005\u6cd5\u8863\u7684\u989c\u8272 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1aindiadivine.org\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u6210\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u989c\u8272\u6709\u5176\u5fc5\u7136\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u50e7\u4fa3\u6cd5\u8863\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u9010\u6b65\u9c9c\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[14] \u4f46\u56fd\u65d7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u906d\u5230\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5168\u5370\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08AICC\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5168\u5370\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\uff08All India Hindu Congress Committee\uff09\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5bf9\u6b64\u505a\u51fa\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u5355\u7eaf\u4f7f\u7528\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u56fd\u65d7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6210\u5458\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u56fd\u65d7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u540d\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5373\u6bdb\u62c9\u90a3\u00b7\u963f\u624e\u5fb7\u3002[15] 1931\u5e748\u6708\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u5b5f\u4e70\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5426\u7edd\u4e86\u56fd\u65d7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5355\u7eaf\u4f7f\u7528\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u548c\u7eba\u8f66\u56fe\u6848\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u57281921\u5e74\u7518\u5730\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5c06\u7ea2\u8272\u6539\u4e3a\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\uff0c\u5c06\u4e09\u8272\u987a\u5e8f\u6539\u4e3a\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u5c45\u4e0a\uff0c\u767d\u8272\u5c45\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u5c45\u4e0b\uff0c\u65d7\u5e1c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u7518\u5730\u5021\u5bfc\u7684\u7eba\u8f66\u56fe\u6848\uff0c\u7eba\u8f66\u4f7f\u7528\u6df1\u84dd\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u52c7\u6c14\u4e0e\u727a\u7272\uff08courage and sacrifice\uff09\uff0c\u767d\u8272\u4ee3\u8868\u548c\u5e73\u4e0e\u771f\u7406\uff08peace andtruth\uff09\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u4ee3\u8868\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u82f1\u96c4\u7cbe\u795e\uff08faith and chivalry\uff09\uff0c\u7eba\u8f66\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff08the hope of the masses\uff09\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u57281931\u5e748\u6708\u7531\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5b5f\u4e70\u4f1a\u8bae\u4ee5\u6b63\u5f0f\u51b3\u8bae\u5f62\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5b5f\u4e70\u4f1a\u8bae\u8fd8\u51b3\u5b9a8\u670830\u65e5\u4e3a\u56fd\u65d7\u65e5\u3002[16] \u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5c06\u6709\u663e\u8457\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u65f6\u4e0d\u518d\u5f3a\u8c03\u67d0\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u5bf9\u5e94\u67d0\u79cd\u5b97\u6559,\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u907f\u514d\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8054\u60f3\uff0c\u4f53\u73b0\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u627f\u8bfa\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d88\u9664\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u65e9\u57281931\u5e744\u670812\u65e5\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5bf9\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u505a\u4e86\u4e16\u4fd7\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u727a\u7272\u7cbe\u795e\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u5973\u6027\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002[17] 1931\u5e748\u6708\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u548c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5b5f\u4e70\u4f1a\u8bae\u51b3\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u8ba4\u53ef\uff0c\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u6210\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\u548c\u5bf9\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u8fdb\u884c\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u89e3\u8bfb\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u3001\u7518\u5730\u7b49\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u591a\u6b21\u4f5c\u51fa\u6f84\u6e05\u30021931\u5e749\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5728\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u516c\u5f00\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u738b\u6216\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4eba\u56e2\u7ed3\u548c\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[18] 1938\u5e7410\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u7b26\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u4ec1\u6148\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u201d\u3002[19] 1939\u5e746\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u6beb\u65e0\u4e89\u8bae\u5730\u662f\u56fd\u65d7\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u662f\u7b80\u6734\u3001\u7eaf\u6d01\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9762\u5bf9\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u505a\u51fa\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b58\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u60ac\u6302\u8fd9\u9762\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002[20] 1921\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 1931\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin:1.8em 0 .75em;padding-left:12px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;font-size:1.18em;line-height:1.55;font-weight:700;color:#14213d;\">\u4e09\u3001\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5230\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5b9a\u578b \uff08\u4e00\uff09\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u5efa\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u8f6c\u54111947\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u8499\u5df4\u987f\u5ba3\u5e03\u5370\u5df4\u5206\u6cbb\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5373\u5c06\u5b9e\u73b0\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6b63\u5f0f\u56fd\u65d7\u4e8b\u5b9c\u63d0\u4e0a\u8bae\u4e8b\u65e5\u7a0b\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c6\u670823\u65e5\u5370\u5ea6\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e13\u95e8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u56fd\u65d7\u7279\u522b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08Ad hoc Committee onthe National Flag\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u62c9\u91d1\u5fb7\u00b7\u666e\u62c9\u8428\u5fb7\uff08Rajendra Prasad\uff09\u4efb\u4e3b\u5e2d\u30027\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u7279\u522b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5df2\u57fa\u672c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u81f4\u4fe1\u65f6\u4efb\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2dJ.B.\u514b\u91cc\u5e15\u62c9\u5c3c\uff08J.B.Kripalani\uff09\u8bf4\u56fd\u65d7\u7279\u522b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u76841931\u5e74\u56fd\u65d7\u8fdb\u884c\u5c0f\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u5b8c\u6574\u7eba\u8f66\uff08charkha\uff09\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u4ec5\u5728\u56fd\u65d7\u767d\u8272\u6761\u5e26\u4e2d\u95f4\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6e\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f46\u662f\u8be5\u4fe1\u8fd8\u672a\u5c06\u8f6e\u5b50\u4e0e\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002[21] 7\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4ee3\u8868\u56fd\u65d7\u7279\u522b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5411\u5370\u5ea6\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u63d0\u8bae\u786e\u5b9a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u3002\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7ee7\u627f\u4e861931\u5e74\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c06\u7eba\u8f66\u5f62\u8c61\u6539\u6210\u4e86\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u52a8\u8bae\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u662f\u957f\u5bbd\u6bd43:2\u7684\u957f\u65b9\u5f62\uff0c\u7531\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\uff08\u5c45\u4e0a\uff09\u3001\u767d\u8272\uff08\u5c45\u4e2d\uff09\u3001\u6df1\u7eff\uff08\u5c45\u4e0b\uff09\u4e09\u8272\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u56fd\u65d7\u6b63\u4e2d\u5fc3\u767d\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d77\u519b\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u6cd5\u8f6e\uff0c\u6cd5\u8f6e\u5f62\u8c61\u53d6\u6750\u81ea\u9e7f\u91ce\u82d1\uff08Sarnath\uff09\u7684\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u77f3\u67f1\u3002[22] \u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u4ee5\u96c6\u4f53\u8d77\u7acb\u81f4\u656c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\u81f4\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[23] \u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e \u56fe\u6e90\uff1adiscover.hubpages.com \u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u9996\u5148\u6307\u51fa\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56fd\u65d7\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u67d0\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u9644\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u6559\u6d3e\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e1931\u5e74\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u4e00\u8109\u76f8\u627f\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u6307\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c61\u5f81\u5e94\u5f53\u7f8e\u89c2\uff1b<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u3002[24] \u5173\u4e8e\u4e09\u989c\u8272\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u56fd\u5927\u515a1931\u5e74\u51b3\u8bae\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u8c08\u3002\u4ed6\u91cd\u70b9\u8c08\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5c06\u7518\u5730\u7eba\u8f66\u6539\u6210\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u7eba\u8f6e\u5f62\u8c61\u7531\u7518\u5730\u63d0\u8bae\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u666e\u901a\u5927\u4f17\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u52e4\u52b3\u3002\u53bb\u6389\u7eba\u8f66\u662f\u4ece\u7f8e\u89c2\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u8651\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7eba\u8f66\u5f62\u8c61\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u7eba\u8f66\u4e2d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u8f6e\u5b50\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u53bb\u6389\u4e86\u3002[25] \u5f53\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u80af\u5b9a\u4e0d\u6b62\u662f\u7f8e\u5b66\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5bf9\u6b64\u6709\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6b63\u4e2d\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u7518\u5730\u7eba\u8f6e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9009\u7528\u6cd5\u8f6e\uff0c\u6709\u5176\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002\u6cd5\u8f6e\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\uff0c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5370\u5ea6\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5e1d\u738b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5021\u5bfc\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\u660e\u541b\u3002\u9009\u7528\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6559\u548c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u5373\u5728\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8272\u5f69\u8fc7\u5ea6\u731c\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5c06\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u627f\u8bfa\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u3002[26] \u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u8bf4\u201c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u53e4\u8001\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u201d\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u4e0d\u505c\u6ede\uff0c\u4e0d\u50f5\u5316\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u9002\u5e94\u65b0\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u65b0\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u5176\u6587\u5316\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u201d\u5370\u5ea6\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u662f\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u800c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u65f6\u4ee3\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002[27]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u65f6\u4ee3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5370\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u56fd\u4fdd\u6301\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4f7f\u8282\u4f5c\u4e3a\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u5404\u56fd\u3002[28] \u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53c8\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5916\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5ba3\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u81ea\u5df1\u603b\u7ed3\u65b0\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u9762\u8c61\u5f81\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u6240\u6709\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u4eba\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u201d[29] \u57288\u670812\u65e5\u81f4\u5370\u5ea6\u65af\u5766\u62a5(The Hindustan)\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u8c08\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u5168\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u6ee1\u8db3\u5370\u5ea6\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u5728\u827a\u672f\u4e0a\u662f\u7f8e\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u4e89\u53d6\u81ea\u7531\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u80dc\u5229\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u666e\u901a\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4eca\u65e5\u6d3b\u529b\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u201c\u5c06\u4f1a\u6307\u5f15\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u4f17\u8fc8\u5411\u8fdb\u6b65\u548c\u89e3\u653e\u3002\u201d[30] \u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5bf9\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u52a8\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u7b56\u7565\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5efa\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5efa\u6784\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u65e9\u57281931\u5e74\u8c08\u53ca\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u539f\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5c31\u5f3a\u8c03\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u610f\u89c1\u662f\u201c\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u5e94\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6559\u6d3e\u610f\u4e49\u201d\u3002[31] \u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u53d1\u8a00\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0d\u4f46\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u989c\u8272\u4e0e\u6559\u6d3e\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u4e16\u4fd7\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u53bb\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u56fe\u6848\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u7eba\u8f66\u5230\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u5efa\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7b49\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u81ea\u5df1\u5c31\u8bf4\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u7684\uff08very careful consideration\uff09\u3002[32] \u8fd9\u79cd\u6df1\u601d\u719f\u8651\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u5efa\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u54e5\u5ef7\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u65af\u91cc\u9c81\u5e15\u00b7\u7f57\u4f0a\uff08Srirupa Roy\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u5f0f\u7684\u7eba\u8f66\u5230\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5f53\u65f6\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u54f2\u5b66\u66f4\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u518d\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u5021\u5bfc\u7684\u5206\u6563\u7684\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u6751\u793e\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u8f6c\u5411\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5021\u5bfc\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u96c6\u6743\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[33] \u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7ecf\u6d4e\u601d\u60f3\u5dee\u5f02\u9610\u91ca\u7684\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u7eba\u8f66\u5230\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u9610\u91ca\u3002\u7518\u5730\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3b\u5f20\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8c10\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u7a81\u51fa\u5f3a\u8c03\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u540c\u65f6\u4e3b\u5f20\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u5b97\u6559\u800c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u653f\u6cbb\u5e94\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7518\u5730\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u5e94\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u57fa\u7840\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8d2f\u5f7b\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u56e2\u7ed3\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5728\u7518\u5730\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u8d56\u4ee5\u6210\u957f\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u57fa\u7840\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7518\u5730\u518d\u6b21\u9610\u91ca\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u5b97\u6559\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\uff08truth\uff09\uff0c\u8bf4\u201c\u771f\u7406\u548c\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u662f\u6211\u7684\u4fe1\u6761\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[34] \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u89c2\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7518\u5730\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u89c2\u201c\u4e3b\u8981\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u201d\u3002[35] \u4f46\u662f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u5b97\u6559\u57fa\u7840\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u5f97\u4ee5\u5efa\u6784\u6210\u529f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u4ecb\u5165\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u662f\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u89c2\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u5b97\u6559\u4e3a\u907f\u96be\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6211\u5b81\u613f\u5192\u60ca\u6d9b\u9a87\u6d6a\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6765\u4e16\u548c\u6b7b\u540e\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u201d[36] \u5728\u9057\u5631\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u575a\u5b9a\u7684\u8bed\u6c14\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u6211\u6b7b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6211\u4e3e\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u5b97\u6559\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u2026\u2026\u5c31\u6211\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u613f\u671b\u662f\u5c06\u6211\u7684\u4e00\u628a\u9aa8\u7070\u6492\u5165\u6ca1\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u5b89\u62c9\u963f\u5df4\u5fb7\u7684\u6052\u6cb3\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u201d[37] \u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6001\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u7518\u5730\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7518\u5730\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e0d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u5b97\u6559\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u76d1\u62a4\u4eba\uff0c\u5bf9\u5404\u5b97\u6559\u5e73\u7b49\u5730\u5c65\u884c\u76d1\u62a4\u804c\u8d23\u3002\u5728\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u5f00\u660e\u5e1d\u738b\u3002\u4ee5\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u4e3a\u699c\u6837\uff0c\u5efa\u6784\u4ee5\u5f00\u660e\u5e1d\u738b\u548c\u5f00\u660e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5404\u5b97\u6559\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u548c\u8c10\u76f8\u5904\uff0c\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ece\u7eba\u8f66\u5230\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u5efa\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u4ece\u7518\u5730\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5411\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5370\u5ea6\u5efa\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u8f6c\u5411\u4e0e\u7518\u5730\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u53d8\u52a8\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u5efa\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u8f6c\u5411\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u6765\u81ea\u6d77\u5fb7\u62c9\u5df4\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u6d3b\u52a8\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u6700\u4e3a\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u201c\u7518\u5730\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u6d3b\u57cb\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u65af\u5766\u8bed\u3001\u571f\u5e03\uff08khadi\uff09\u548c\u4e61\u6751\u5de5\u4e1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u5fd8\u8bb0\u201d\u3002[38]\u5173\u4e8e\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u4e0e\u7518\u5730\u7684\u7eba\u8f6e\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7518\u5730\u7684\u7eba\u8f6e\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u800c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u5219\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u6bd7\u6e7f\u5974\u5927\u795e\u7684\u5584\u89c1\u795e\u8f6e\uff08Sudarshan Chakra\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u9f13\u52b1\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u503e\u5411\u3002[39] \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u52a8\u548c\u8f6c\u5411\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u5f53\u7136\u4f1a\u4e0d\u592a\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u65e0\u53ef\u5948\u4f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">1947\u5e747\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5f53\u5929\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u53d1\u8868\u6f14\u8bb2\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u5929\u56db\u4e2a\u59d0\u59b9\u5411\u6211\u8868\u793a\u795d\u8d3a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e26\u6709\u8f6e\u5b50\u7684\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u6211\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\u5f97\u795d\u8d3a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u5bf9\u6211\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4fdd\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559\u7eba\u8f66\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u7eba\u8f66\uff0c\u7eba\u8f66\u4ecd\u5c06\u5728\u6211\u7684\u624b\u4e0a\u548c\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u91cc\u3002\u201d[40] 8\u67083\u65e5\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u8fd8\u8bf4\u201c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u548c\u7eba\u8f6e\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u201d[41] 8\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u6f14\u8bb2\u5bf9\u7eba\u8f66\u88ab\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e00\u4e8b\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u60c5\u7eea\u8868\u8fbe\u5730\u6700\u4e3a\u5145\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u8bf4\u5982\u679c\u5370\u5ea6\u8054\u90a6\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u7eba\u8f66\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u62d2\u7edd\u5411\u56fd\u65d7\u81f4\u656c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u201d[42] 8\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u81f4\u4fe1\u5370\u5ea6\u65af\u5766\u62a5\uff08The Hindustan\uff09\u7f16\u8f91\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u7518\u5730\u7eba\u8f66\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u5373\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u7eba\u8f66\u3002[43] \u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u6001\u5e94\u5f53\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u56de\u5e94\u7518\u5730\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u7518\u5730\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u6392\u65a5\u7684\u30021947\u5e747\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u7518\u5730\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u4e09\u8272\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u591a\u5143\u4e2d\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6cd5\u8f6e\u56fe\u6848\u5219\u8bf4\u8ba9\u4eba\u8054\u60f3\u8d77\u963f\u80b2\u738b\uff0c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u6c38\u6052\u8f6c\u52a8\u7684\u5723\u6cd5\u3002[44] \u7518\u5730\u7684\u7eba\u8f66\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u81ea\u7531\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u4e4b\u4e00 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1adiscover.hubpages.com\u7518\u5730\u6700\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5bf9\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u613f\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u7559\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7518\u5730\u5efa\u6784\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u57287\u670822\u65e5\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ee4\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u5174\u7684\u662f\u5728\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u4e54\u675c\u91cc\u00b7\u54c8\u5229\u594e\u624e\u66fc\uff08Chaudhri Khaliquzzaman\uff09\u548c\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u8428\u675c\u62c9\uff08Mohammed Sadullah\uff09\u5411\u56fd\u65d7\u81f4\u656c\uff0c\u5e76\u5ba3\u5e03\u6548\u5fe0\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u201d[45] \u4e54\u675c\u91cc\u00b7\u54c8\u5229\u594e\u624e\u66fc\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u4e3b\u8981\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c1940\u5e74\u62c9\u5408\u5c14\u51b3\u8bae\u7684\u526f\u7f72\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u6b63\u662f\u57281940\u5e74\u62c9\u5408\u5c14\u51b3\u8bae\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u6b63\u5f0f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u5efa\u7acb\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002[46]\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u8428\u675c\u62c9\uff08Mohammed Sadullah\uff09\u4e5f\u53c2\u52a0\u4e861940\u5e74\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u7684\u62c9\u5408\u5c14\u5e74\u4f1a\uff0c\u662f\u62c9\u5408\u5c14\u51b3\u8bae\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4e24\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u9886\u8896\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u66fe\u662f\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8868\u6001\u62e5\u62a4\u548c\u6548\u5fe0\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7559\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u540c\u610f\u6210\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u5458\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7b49\u7fa4\u4f53\u5171\u5b58\uff0c\u5176\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u5473\u5341\u5206\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7518\u5730\u624d\u4f1a\u5982\u6b64\u5173\u6ce8\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u8868\u6001\u3002\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e00\u81f4\u901a\u8fc7\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u8868\u8c61\u4e0b\u7684\u6f5c\u6d41\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7518\u5730\u5bf9\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u6210\u5458\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u652f\u6301\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u52a8\u8bae\u3002\u5927\u52bf\u6240\u8d8b\uff0c\u975e\u7518\u5730\u4e00\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u9006\u8f6c\u30027\u670822\u65e5\u5f53\u5929\u5176\u4ed6\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u6210\u5458\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6559\u6d3e\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7fa4\u4f53\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5168\u4f53\u516c\u6c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u6210\u5458\u585e\u65af\u00b7\u6208\u6587\u5fb7\u00b7\u8fbe\u65af\uff08Seth GovindDas\uff09\u5bf9\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u52a8\u8bae\u548c\u8bb2\u8bdd\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u5168\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u56fd\u65d7\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u4e0e\u6559\u6d3e\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u5f53\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u4ece\u5177\u6709\u6559\u6d3e\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u7ea2\u767d\u7eff\u4e09\u8272\u6539\u4e3a\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u3001\u767d\u8272\u548c\u7eff\u8272\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5df2\u7ecf\u660e\u786e\u5ba3\u5e03\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u4e0e\u6559\u6d3e\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6559\u6d3e\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002[47] \u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u6bd4\u62c9\u5c14\u7701\uff08C.P. and Berar\uff09\u7684\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u00b7R\u00b7\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\uff08Frank R. Anthony\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u5b9a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6240\u6709\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u3002\u201d[48] \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u662f\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\u652f\u6301\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[49] \u5176\u4e2d\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u8868\u6001\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u4e54\u675c\u91cc\u00b7\u54c8\u5229\u594e\u624e\u66fc\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ece\u4eca\u5929\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u770b\u4f5c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ed6\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u8fd8\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u90fd\u5c06\u4e3a\u7ef4\u62a4\u4eca\u5929\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u800c\u727a\u7272\u201d\u3002[50] \u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u8428\u675c\u62c9\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u3001\u767d\u8272\u548c\u7eff\u8272\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u548c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5171\u540c\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u9192\u5370\u5ea6\u8054\u90a6\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u5fd8\u8bb0\u8fc7\u53bb\u3001\u9762\u5411\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3a\u7269\u8d28\u7e41\u8363\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u8fdb\u6b65\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u3002[51] \u6765\u81ea\u8fc8\u7d22\u5c14\u571f\u90a6\u7684\u7a46\u7f55\u9ed8\u5fb7\u00b7\u8c22\u91cc\u592b\uff08Mohomed Sheriff\uff09\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u3001\u767d\u8272\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u656c\u4ef0\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u201c\u65e0\u8bba\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u6216\u8005\u7946\u6559\u5f92\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u65d7\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u8fdb\u6b65\u548c\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ece\u7f8e\u5b66\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5408\u9002\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u201d[52] \u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e24\u540d\u6765\u81ea\u8054\u5408\u7701\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u6210\u5458S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\uff08S.Radhakrishnan\uff09[53]\u548c\u8d1d\u7eb3\u52d2\u65af\u5370\u5ea6\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u6f58\u8fea\u7279\u00b7\u6208\u6587\u5fb7\u00b7\u9a6c\u62c9\u7ef4\u4e9a\uff08PanditGovind Malaviya\uff09\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u53c8\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u6f5c\u6d41\u3002S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u5bf9\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u6709\u4e00\u756a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u65e2\u6709\u4e0e\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u51b3\u8bae\u548c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u53d1\u8a00\u76f8\u901a\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u2018\u6c38\u8fdc\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u6c38\u8fdc\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e3a\u5efa\u8bbe\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\u3001\u5c0a\u4e25\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u800c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u91cc\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u9521\u514b\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u4f5b\u6559\u5f92\u90fd\u5c06\u627e\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u6240\u3002\u2019\u201d[54] \u8fd9\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u548c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5230\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u989c\u8272\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u81ea\u5236\uff08self-control\uff09\u548c\u514b\u5df1\uff08renunciation\uff09\u7cbe\u795e\uff1b\u767d\u8272\u662f\u592a\u9633\u7684\u5149\u7ebf\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5149\u660e\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6cbf\u7740\u7f8e\u5fb7\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u771f\u7406\u548c\u7eaf\u6d01\uff1b\u7eff\u8272\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u571f\u5730\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u547d\u8d56\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7eff\u8272\u7684\u5927\u5730\u4e0a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5929\u5802\u201d\u3002[55] \u8fd9\u4e9b\u89e3\u91ca\u5747\u6392\u9664\u4e86\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u8bfbS.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e0e1931\u5e74\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u51b3\u8bae\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u5dee\u5f02\u30021931\u5e74\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u51b3\u8bae\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u52c7\u6c14\u4e0e\u727a\u7272\uff0c\u767d\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u548c\u5e73\u4e0e\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u7eff\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u82f1\u96c4\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u7eba\u8f66\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u4f17\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7518\u5730\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u6d53\u539a\u3002\u800cS.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u81ea\u5236\u548c\u514b\u5df1\uff0c\u5c06\u767d\u8272\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u548c\u5bfb\u627e\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u5219\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u4e3a\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u7518\u5730\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u514b\u5df1\u662f\u7518\u5730\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u662f\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b8c\u6ee1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7518\u5730\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u514b\u5df1\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u8eab\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u201d[56] \u514b\u5df1\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u662f\u7518\u5730\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u601d\u60f3\u53d1\u626c\u5149\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u514b\u5df1\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u699c\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5c06\u767d\u8272\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u662f\u66f4\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7518\u5730\u5f0f\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u601d\u8def\u3002\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\uff0cS.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u90a3\u6837\u4ece\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u7684\u6cbb\u56fd\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u8f6e\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u6c38\u4e0d\u505c\u606f\u7684\u6cd5\u8f6e\u6216\u8fbe\u6469\u4e4b\u8f6e\u3002[57] \u5bf9\u71677\u670827\u65e5\u7518\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u6c38\u6052\u8f6c\u52a8\u7684\u5723\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4e24\u4eba\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u76f8\u901a\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u8fd8\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u57fa\u4e8e\u7518\u5730\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u9610\u91ca\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u5927\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6f58\u8fea\u7279\u00b7\u6208\u6587\u5fb7\u00b7\u9a6c\u62c9\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u66f4\u4e3a\u6fc0\u8fdb\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u53d1\u8a00\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e09\u8272\u56fd\u65d7\u4e2d\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8272\u5f69\u8fc7\u5c11\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u5e94\u5f53\u5355\u7eaf\u4f7f\u7528\u7ea2\u8272\u6216\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6f58\u8fea\u7279\u00b7\u6208\u6587\u5fb7\u00b7\u9a6c\u62c9\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u3001\u767d\u8272\u3001\u7eff\u8272\u4ee5\u53ca\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u5747\u4ece\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u89d2\u5ea6\u505a\u4e86\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u9762\u56fd\u65d7\u5145\u6ee1\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8272\u5f69\u3002[58] S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u548c\u6f58\u8fea\u7279\u00b7\u6208\u6587\u5fb7\u00b7\u9a6c\u62c9\u7ef4\u4e9a\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u4e00\u80a1\u6f5c\u6d41\u3002\u8fd9\u80a1\u6f5c\u6d41\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u6b65\u5d1b\u8d77\u4e3a\u4e00\u80a1\u6539\u53d8\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u524d\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6f6e\u6d41\u30021947\u5e74\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin:1.8em 0 .75em;padding-left:12px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;font-size:1.18em;line-height:1.55;font-weight:700;color:#14213d;\">\u56db\u3001\u4ece\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5f0f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u56fd\u5bb6\uff1a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u53d81947\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u662f\u8d2f\u5f7b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u5206\u79bb\u539f\u5219\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u82cf\u8fbe\u00b7\u6d3e(Sudha Pai)\u5c06\u56fd\u65d7\u770b\u4f5c\u201c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5f0f\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08Nehruvian state\uff09\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u201d\u3002[59] \u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5f0f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u4ef7\u503c\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0a\u575a\u6301\u5305\u5bb9\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5177\u4f53\u653f\u7b56\u5219\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u201c\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u3001\u547d\u4ee4\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u798f\u5229\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\u5730\u4f4d\u7b49\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u201d\u3002[60]\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9010\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u9762\u8c8c\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5f00\u59cb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u65b0\u5174\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u79cd\u59d3\u7b49\u6b21\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u4ecb\u5165\u653f\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5730\u57df\u3001\u79cd\u59d3\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7b49\u8ba4\u540c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u653f\u515a\u7684\u5d1b\u8d77\u4ee5\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u4e3a\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u52bf\u529b\u7684\u8fc5\u731b\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u540c\u6837\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u5927\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4ee5\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u4e09\u8272\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4ece\u4e0d\u6ee1\u9010\u6e10\u8f6c\u5411\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u5176\u5f62\u5236\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u518d\u9610\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u518d\u9610\u91ca\u5305\u542b\u7740\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u5927\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u610f\u8574\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u539f\u672c\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u30021930\u5e741\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u9886\u5bfc\u4ebaK.B.\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u74e6\uff08K.B. Hedgewar\uff09\u53d1\u5e03\u901a\u77e5\u8981\u6c42\u63a5\u53d7\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u4e89\u53d6\u5370\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u57281930\u5e741\u670826\u65e5\u53ea\u80fd\u5411\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\uff08BhagwaDhwaj\uff09\u81f4\u656c\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u6301\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[61] \u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\u624d\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u30021946\u5e747\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u9ad8\u74e6\u514b\u5728\u90a3\u683c\u6d66\u5c14(Nagpur)\u7684\u96c6\u4f1a\u4e0a\u79f0\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u662f\u795e\uff08God\uff09\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u90fd\u5c06\u5411\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\u97a0\u8eac\u81f4\u610f\u3002[62] \u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u65b9\u6848\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u540c\u6837\u62d2\u7edd\u63a5\u53d7\u30021947\u5e748\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u673a\u5173\u520a\u7269\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\u300b\uff08Organiser\uff09\u5bf9\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u653b\u51fb\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u5389\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\uff08Hindus\uff09\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\uff0c\u201c\u4e09\u201d\uff08three\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u90aa\u6076\uff0c\u4e00\u9762\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u5e38\u574f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[63] \u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u7684\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 \u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u9ad8\u74e6\u514b\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e25\u5389\u6279\u8bc4\u4e09\u8272\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u88ab\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u88ab\u5355\u72ec\u62ff\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u662f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c06\u989c\u8272\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u7fa4\u4f53\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\u7684\uff0c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u56e0\u6b64\u53c8\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u727a\u7272\uff0c\u5c06\u767d\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u7eaf\u6d01\uff0c\u5c06\u7eff\u8272\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u548c\u5e73\u3002\u9ad8\u74e6\u514b\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u53e4\u8001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u9ad8\u74e6\u514b\u5c06\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u65d7\u5e1c\u89c6\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u5316\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u8fbe\u6469\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u201c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u3001\u6700\u5c0a\u8d35\u7684\u3001\u6700\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[64] \u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u654c\u89c6\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u603b\u90e8\u4e00\u76f4\u62d2\u7edd\u60ac\u6302\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c2000\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u603b\u90e8\u53ea\u57281948\u5e74\u7518\u5730\u9047\u523a\u540e\u624d\u60ac\u6302\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u9010\u6b65\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56fd\u65d7\u88ab\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7528\u4e8e\u6fc0\u53d1\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u9009\u4e3e\u652f\u6301\u3002[65]\u7279\u522b\u662f\u81ea1998\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e0a\u53f0\u6267\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5fae\u5999\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\u5373\u4ee5\u653f\u5e9c\u540d\u4e49\u7ec4\u7ec7\u62cd\u6444\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u30021998\u5e746\u6708\u535a\u514b\u5170\u6838\u8bd5\u9a8c\u548c1999\u5e74\u5361\u5409\u5c14\u51b2\u7a81\u90fd\u6210\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u9f13\u52a8\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u9047\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u6210\u4e3a\u5ba3\u4f20\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5851\u9020\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[66] \u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u4e0a\u53f0\u6267\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f53\u7cfb\u91c7\u53d6\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u5efa\u6784\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\uff08Hindutva\uff09\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u59a5\u534f\u3002\u7ecf\u5386\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u7231\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u53ca\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5176\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u505a\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u9610\u91ca\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u662f2002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\uff08Flag Code of India\uff0c2002\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">2002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u7684\u51fa\u53f0\u4e0e\u4e00\u8d77\u6e90\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u8bc9\u8bbc\u6709\u5173\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bb6\u7eb3\u6587\u00b7\u91d1\u8fbe\u5c14\uff08Navin Jindal\uff09\u5728\u5176\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e2d\u592e\u90a6\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u60ac\u6302\u4e86\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u300a1950\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u7981\u6b62\u9519\u8bef\u4f7f\u7528\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u53ca\u540d\u5b57\u6cd5\u6848\u300b[The Emblems and Names(Prevention of Improper Use) Act,1950]\u7981\u6b62\u4e2a\u4eba\u57fa\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u5546\u4e1a\u76ee\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u65d7\u3002[67]\u6b64\u540e\u51fa\u53f0\u7684\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89c4\u5b9a\u9664\u72ec\u7acb\u65e5\u3001\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u65e5\u7b49\u7279\u5b9a\u8282\u65e5\u5916\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u516c\u6c11\u79c1\u4eba\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\u3002[68] 1994\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u90a6\u5730\u65b9\u5b98\u5458\u5728\u89c6\u5bdf\u7eb3\u6587\u00b7\u91d1\u8fbe\u5c14\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u8be5\u4f01\u4e1a\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5176\u505c\u6b62\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7eb3\u6587\u00b7\u91d1\u8fbe\u5c14\u4e3a\u6b64\u5728\u5fb7\u91cc\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\u72b6\u544a\u5370\u5ea6\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u60ac\u6302\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u7981\u6b62\u6027\u89c4\u5b9a\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u5baa\u6cd5\u7b2c19\u6761\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u3002\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8868\u8fbe\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u70ed\u7231\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8a00\u8bba\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u4e0d\u5e94\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u30021995\u5e749\u670822\u65e5\uff0c\u5fb7\u91cc\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u652f\u6301\u7eb3\u6587\u00b7\u91d1\u8fbe\u5c14\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u4e2a\u4eba\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u8fdd\u80cc\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u3002[69] 1996\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u670d\u8be5\u6848\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u53c8\u5411\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u63d0\u8d77\u8bc9\u8bbc\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6d89\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u7cfb\u5217\u6cd5\u89c4\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u5baa\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4e14\u56fd\u65d7\u95ee\u9898\u5173\u4e4e\u6c11\u65cf\u611f\u60c5\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u654f\u611f\u800c\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8be5\u6848\u6210\u4e86\u5ba1\u5224\u671f\u9650\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u9a6c\u62c9\u677e\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8be5\u6848\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5d1b\u8d77\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\u89c9\u9192\u3002\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u89c9\u9192\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e0a\u5347\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6001\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u30021998\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u4e0a\u53f0\u6267\u653f\u540e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e89\u53d6\u652f\u6301\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u7eb3\u6587\u00b7\u91d1\u8fbe\u5c14\u6848\u6b63\u597d\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u4f1a\u30022000\u5e7410\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u5e9c\u6839\u636e\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8de8\u90e8\u95e8\u56fd\u65d7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u56fd\u65d7\u60ac\u6302\u4e8b\u5b9c\u3002\u6839\u636e2001\u5e744\u6708\u8be5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u5e9c2002\u5e74\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u65b0\u51c6\u5219\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u5206\u6563\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u4f5c\u4e86\u6574\u5408\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u89c4\u5b9a\u9664\u300a1950\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u7981\u6b62\u9519\u8bef\u4f7f\u7528\u8c61\u5f81\u7269\u53ca\u540d\u5b57\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u548c\u300a1971\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u7981\u6b62\u4fae\u8fb1\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c0a\u4e25\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08The Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act,1971\uff09\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u7981\u6b62\u6027\u4e8b\u9879\u5916\uff0c\u201c\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u4f17\u3001\u79c1\u4eba\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u7b49\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u5e94\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7981\u6b62\u3002\u201d[70] \u57fa\u4e8e\u4fee\u8ba2\u7684\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\uff0c2004\u5e741\u670823\u65e5\u5370\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5c31\u7eb3\u6587\u00b7\u91d1\u8fbe\u5c14\u6848\u4f5c\u51fa\u5224\u51b3\u3002\u8be5\u5224\u51b3\u8ba4\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u65d7\u8868\u8fbe\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5bf9\u7956\u56fd\u7684\u7231\u662f\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5baa\u6cd5\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u7eb3\u6587\u00b7\u91d1\u8fbe\u5c14\u7684\u8bc9\u8bbc\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[71] \u4ece2002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u52302004\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u6c11\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0d\u518d\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u5784\u65ad\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u5316\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6fc0\u53d1\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u652f\u6301\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c[72] \u5e76\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u3001\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u4e0d\u518d\u516c\u5f00\u654c\u89c6\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c2002\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u603b\u90e8\u7ee71948\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u60ac\u6302\u4e86\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ece\u5f3a\u8c03\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u5411\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u66f4\u5177\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u8bc1\u636e\u662f2002\u5e74\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56fd\u6c11\u8bba\u575b\uff08Muslim RashtriyaManch\uff09\u3002\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56fd\u6c11\u8bba\u575b\u4e13\u95e8\u5904\u7406\u6709\u5173\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u84dd\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u59dc\u666f\u594e\u3001\u8d3e\u5ca9\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u52bf\u529b\u5bf9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u5408\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u201d\u3002[73]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u518d\u9610\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9610\u91ca\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u59a5\u534f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u81ea\u8eab\u7279\u8272\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u9610\u91ca\u662f1931\u5e74\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u5b5f\u4e70\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c811947\u5e747\u670822\u65e5\u7684\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u53d1\u8a00\u3002\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u51b3\u8bae\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u56fd\u65d7\u989c\u8272\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5176\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u6240\u7ee7\u627f\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u53d1\u8a00\u4e3b\u8981\u8c08\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5c06\u7518\u5730\u5f0f\u7eba\u8f66\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\u3002\u4e24\u4efd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u610f\u6db5\u662f\u575a\u6301\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u989c\u8272\u548c\u56fe\u6848\u505a\u51fa\u6559\u6d3e\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u6750\u6599\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4efd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u6210\u5458\u5747\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6210\u5458\u53d1\u8a00\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u5c31\u662fS.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u30022002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u5728\u524d\u8a00\u90e8\u5206\u4e13\u95e8\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u503c\u5f97\u73a9\u5473\u7684\u662f\u8be5\u51c6\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u7528\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u548c\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u51b3\u8bae\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u4e86S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002[74] S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u65e0\u79c1\u514b\u5df1\uff08renunciation ofdisinterestedness\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u6f20\u89c6\u7269\u8d28\u4eab\u53d7\uff0c\u732e\u8eab\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u767d\u8272\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5149\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u6211\u4eec\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u771f\u7406\u4e4b\u8def\u3002\u7eff\u8272\u8868\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u571f\u5730\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u751f\u547d\u5747\u8d56\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u690d\u7269\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u767d\u8272\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u8f6e\u662f\u6cd5\u8f6e\u3002\u771f\u7406\u3001\u8fbe\u6469\u6216\u54c1\u884c\u5e94\u6210\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u9762\u65d7\u5e1c\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u3002\u6cd5\u8f6e\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u8fd0\u52a8\u2026\u2026\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u548c\u5e73\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u201d[75] \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c2002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u5728\u9610\u8ff0\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u65f6\u56de\u907f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u800c\u63f4\u5f15S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u56e0\u4e3aS.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u77e5\u540d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u53c8\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u526f\u603b\u7edf\u3001\u603b\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u8bba\u8ff0\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u4e0d\u900a\u4e8e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662fS.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u66f4\u591a\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u6587\u5316\u4e43\u81f3\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5177\u6709\u7518\u5730\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u901a\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u80fd\u591f\u5438\u7eb3\u5305\u5bb9\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u81ea\u8eab\u53d1\u5c55\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\uff0c\u9ad8\u74e6\u514b\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ece\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u81f3\u4e0a\u5411\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u7956\u56fd\u7684\u732e\u8eab\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u5bf9\u540c\u80de\u7684\u53cb\u7231\u4e4b\u60c5\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u9057\u4ea7\u3001\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u548c\u70ed\u671b\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u201d\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002[76] \u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u5df2\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08 Culturalnationalism\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">1996\u5e74\u30011998\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u7ade\u9009\u7eb2\u9886\u5747\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u6587\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u30021998\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u4e0a\u53f0\u6267\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u6210\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u6267\u653f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u5c31\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7531\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u81f3\u4e0a\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\uff08Hindutva\uff09\u5411\u66f4\u5177\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u53d8\u4f7f\u5f97\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5728\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u4e0e\u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u4e49\u66f4\u4e3a\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u7b56\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e0d\u662f\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u540e\u7eed\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u8ba4\u53ef\u30022004\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u5927\u9009\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u4e3a\u6fc0\u52b1\u58eb\u6c14\uff0c2004\u5e749\u670825\u65e5\u81f32005\u5e742\u670811\u65e5\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u56fd\u65d7\u6e38\u884c\uff08TirangaYatra\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u6e38\u884c\u4ece\u5361\u7eb3\u5854\u514b\u90a6\u7684\u80e1\u5e03\u5229\uff08Hubli\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5728\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u90a6\u7684\u8d3e\u5229\u5b89\u74e6\u62c9\u00b7\u5df4\u683c\uff08Jallianwala Bagh\uff09\u7ed3\u675f\u3002[77] \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5bf9\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u60f3\u8c61\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u6e38\u884c\u3002\u6700\u582a\u54c1\u5473\u7684\u662f\u6e38\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u5730\u662f\u80e1\u5e03\u5229\u7684\u4e00\u5904\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6237\u5916\u516c\u5171\u7948\u7977\u5730\uff08Idgah Maidan\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5ba3\u79f0\u4e24\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5df2\u5c06\u8be5\u5730\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7948\u7977\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u4f46\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u4e0d\u4e88\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u65e5\u548c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u65e5\u671f\u95f4\u5c06\u56fd\u65d7\u60ac\u6302\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u5e76\u5f15\u53d1\u6559\u6d3e\u51b2\u7a81\u3002[78] \u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u9009\u62e9\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u8c61\u5f81\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5176\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\uff1a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u5b97\u6559\u8ba4\u540c\u5e94\u670d\u4ece\u4e8e\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u6e38\u884c\uff08Tiranga Yatra\uff09\u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7 2018\u5e749\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u83ab\u6c49\u00b7\u5e15\u6208\u74e6\u7279\uff08Mohan Bhagwat\uff09\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u672a\u6765\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf4\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6cbb\u51b3\u8bae\u65f6\uff0cK.B.\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u74e6\u8981\u6c42\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u5458\u9ad8\u4e3e\u4e09\u8272\u65d7\u6e38\u884c\u3002[79] \u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u6b6a\u66f2\u4e86\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u4ece\u4fa7\u9762\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u83ab\u6c49\u00b7\u5e15\u6208\u74e6\u7279\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u652f\u6301\u6001\u5ea6\u30022019\u5e74\u30012020\u5e74\u76848\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u83ab\u6c49\u00b7\u5e15\u6208\u74e6\u7279\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u5e74\u5728\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u603b\u90e8\u5347\u8d77\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4e94\u3001\u4f59\u8bba\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5c31\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u53d1\u5c55\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u653f\u7b56\u53f2\u30021921\u5e74\u7518\u5730\u4e3b\u6301\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u56fd\u65d7\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u4ee5\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8c10\u3001\u6559\u6d3e\u56e2\u7ed3\u30021931\u5e74\u56fd\u5927\u515a\u51b3\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u5177\u6709\u7518\u5730\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u30021947\u5e74\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u56fd\u65d7\u53cd\u6620\u7684\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7406\u5ff5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7531\u7518\u5730\u7684\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5411\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6001\u53d1\u751f\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4ee52002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u4e3a\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u548c\u56fd\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u5bf9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7b49\u5b97\u6559\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u66f4\u5177\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6c\u578b\u57282014\u5e74\u540e\u83ab\u8fea\u653f\u5e9c\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ecd\u7136\u7ee7\u7eed\u5ef6\u7eed\u30022014\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u515a\u7262\u7262\u5360\u636e\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u6cbb\u821e\u53f0\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u5f0f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5411\u5370\u5ea6\u7279\u6027\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8f6c\u578b\u65e5\u76ca\u660e\u663e\u3002\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u524d\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u9010\u6b65\u7531\u7518\u5730\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5411\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8f6c\u53d8\uff1b\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5185\u6db5\u9010\u6b65\u7531\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5411\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u540a\u8be1\u7684\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u5177\u6709\u4e86\u7518\u5730\u4e16\u4fd7\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7ecf\u53861906\u5e74\u30011921\u5e74\u30011931\u5e74\u30011947\u5e74\u30012002\u5e74\u7b49\u591a\u6b21\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8003\u8651\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u52a8\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5370\u5ea6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u4e5f\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u8d77\u4f0f\u4f0f\u3002\u672a\u6765\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u80fd\u5426\u6210\u529f\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u5b97\u6559\u8ba4\u540c\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u8ba4\u540c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f20\u529b\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ecd\u5f85\u8ba4\u771f\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u65e2\u5173\u4e4e\u5370\u5ea6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\uff0c\u4e5f\u5173\u4e4e\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u80fd\u5426\u884c\u7a33\u81f4\u8fdc\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u8d25\u5f97\u5931\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u6709\u542f\u793a\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a\uff08\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6ed1\u52a8\u9605\u8bfb\uff09[1] [\u82f1]\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u00b7D\u00b7\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u8457\uff0c\u738b\u5a1f\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u300b\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\uff1a\u8bd1\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2018\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c52\u9875\u3002[2] [\u82f1]\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u00b7D\u00b7\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u8457\uff0c\u738b\u5a1f\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u300b\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\uff1a\u8bd1\u6797\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2018\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c24\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[3] &quot;Union Of India vs Naveen Jindal &amp; Anr on 23 January, 2004&quot;\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/40605\/?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/40605\/?<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">type=print&amp;__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=5085d77cd96f7208e112f93ea62ff71b6cf35fb6-1608104831-0-AQXVSHAT5zx57NxCvQZX_Utj3ojo7-mXB-rEDTgQAqmwkOFLPX-eUb5YG9Vu1YJwHgg4YBUkfxwg0YtsK6dB1mzDOumXmiyarpO_o-clORouuyv2z7yDnRK3ywuHqlbOB1gm6gaSu_y8Ua2gKSove8nLYW4HfAbYpzeXzdGdscNUtRDeYliPPITA2Koyq4G2nczyCEazEkcg6Ut7I8aMJXBkYEbUTdSe7TxZMWR1byZy-TPz9Q4wT909cMy5SNP<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">BuiwLlOFUatgOnr2bTP1Pt9lliqKyomXpXatFpKryqn73GLpPe6yglIcWyd9E7_E-a6IgSUretHpoF8bem_NpqHc5gIljIKZ-7Xqx2LkHhO7mqWmmmwOgFC71LTeFYq7kGQSI9p7EnLKW-NmDo-8axSg\uff0c\uff08\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670818\u65e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[4] \u59dc\u666f\u594e\u3001\u8d3e\u5ca9\uff1a\u201c\u4ece\u591a\u5143\u5230\u4e00\u5143\uff1a\u2018\u5370\u5ea6\u2019\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u53d8\u8fc1\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e74\u7b2c21\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c17-19\u9875\u3002[5]<a href=\"https:\/\/www.constitutionofindia.net\/blogs\/do_you_know____2__who_suggested_to_inscribe_swastika_in_india_s_national_flag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.constitutionofindia.net\/blogs\/do_you_know____2__who_suggested_to_inscribe_swastika_in_india_s_national_flag<\/a>\uff0c\uff08\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7411\u670824\u65e5\uff09\u3002[6] \u5305\u5bb9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u3001\u63d0\u5021\u5370\u7a46\u56e2\u7ed3\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u80a1\u6392\u65a5\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u601d\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u738b\u4f1f\u5747\u300a\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u53f2\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u53f2\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u7aef\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u5373\u4ece\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u53f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5370\u5ea6\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u5c06\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7edf\u6cbb\u6392\u9664\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4f20\u7edf\u5386\u53f2\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u53f2\u89c2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6c11\u65cf\u53f2\u89c2\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u6240\u5229\u7528\u3002\uff08\u738b\u4f1f\u5747\uff1a\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u53f2\u7684\u5efa\u6784\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u53f2\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u7aef\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u5357\u4e9a\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e74\u7b2c6\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c121\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\uff09[7] Sadan Jha , &quot;Challenges in the history of colours: The case of saffron &quot;\uff0cThe Indian Economic and Social History Review, 51, 2 (2014)\uff0cp.211.[8] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 23, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.34.[9] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">. 23, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,pp.33-34.[10] \u6797\u627f\u8282\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u53f2\uff08\u4fee\u8ba2\u672c\uff09\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2014\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c300-301\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[11] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 47, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.169.[12] Jawaharlal Nehru , Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, First Series: Volume 4, New Delhi:Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,p.402.[13] Indian National Congress ,&quot;Report of T<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">he National Flag Committee &quot;\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/dspace.gipe.ac.in\/xmlui\/bitstream\/handle\/10973\/32872\/GIPE-009148-03.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/dspace.gipe.ac.in\/xmlui\/bitstream\/handle\/10973\/32872\/GIPE-009148-03.pdf?<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">sequence=2\uff0c\uff08\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7411\u670826\u65e5\uff09\u3002saffron \u4e00\u8bcd\u6216\u8bd1\u4e3a\u6a59\u8272\u3001\u6a58\u9ec4\u8272\uff0c\u4eca\u4ece\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u300b2020\u5e74\u7b2c21\u671f\u300a\u201c\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u201d\u7684\u83ab\u8fea\u65f6\u4ee3\u300b\u4e13\u8f91\u4e4b\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u8bd1\u4e3a\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u3002[14] \u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u662f\u796d\u7940\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u9ec4\u8272\u662f\u666e\u901a\u4fe1\u4f17\u8863\u670d\u7684\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u50e7\u4fa3\u6cd5\u8863\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u85cf\u7ea2\u82b1\u8272\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u9010\u6b65\u53d6\u4ee3\u7ea2\u8272\u6210\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u53cd\u6297\u538b\u8feb\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003Sadan Jha, &quot;Challenges in the History of Colours: The Case of Saffron&quot;, The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 51, 2 (2014)\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[15] Sadan Jha, &quot;Challenges in the History of Colours: The Case of Saffron&quot;, The Indian Economic and Social History Review, 51, 2 (2014), p.220.[16] All Indian Congress Committee, The Indian National Congress 1930-34, Allahabad: J. B. Kiupalani, General Secretary, A. I. C. C,pp.110\/111\/118.[17] Jawaharlal Nehru , Selected Works of Jawahar<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">lal Nehru, First Series: Volume 4, New Delhi:Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,p.242.[18] Jawaharlal Nehru , Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, First Series: Volume 4, New Delhi:Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,p.294.[19] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">74, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.149.[20] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 76, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,pp.68-69.[21] Jawaharlal Nehru , Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, Second Series: Volume 3, New Delhi:Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,p.15. \u8be5\u4fe1\u540c\u65f6\u6284\u9001\u4e86\u7518\u5730\u3001\u5e15\u7279\u5c14\u3001\u62c9\u91d1\u5fb7\u00b7\u666e\u62c9\u8428\u5fb7\u7b49\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[22] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.747.[23] \u4e2d\u6587\u6587\u732e\u8bb0\u8f7d\u6c11\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u9a7b\u5370\u5927\u4f7f\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u4e3a\u5370\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\uff0c\u636e\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a1947\u5e74 7\u670830\u65e5\uff0c\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u9080\u8bf7\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7b49\u5370\u5ea6\u653f\u8981\u53c2\u52a0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u665a\u5bb4\u3002\u5bb4\u4f1a\u4e2d\u8c08\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u5728\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7b49\u4e00\u518d\u8981\u6c42\u4e0b\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6539\u7518\u5730\u7eba\u8f66\u4e3a\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u6cd5\u8f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e09\u70b9\u7406\u7531\uff1a\u7518\u5730\u7eba\u8f66\u4e0d\u6613\u6807\u51c6\u5316\uff1b\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u8981\u8d70\u5411\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u505c\u7559\u5728\u571f\u7eba\u8f66\u5c42\u9762\uff1b\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u6c11\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u5370\u5ea6\u53ea\u6709\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u65f6\u671f\u66fe\u5f97\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u963f\u80b2\u738b\u8f6e\u3002\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7b49\u5bf9\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u8868\u793a\u8d5e\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8be5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6848\u3002\uff08\u6bdb\u5409\u5eb7\uff1a\u201c\u5b66\u8005\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u2014\u2014\u6c11\u56fd\u9996\u4efb\u9a7b\u5370\u5927\u4f7f\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u300b\uff0c2009\u5e74\u7b2c9\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c2\u9875\u3002\uff09\u6b64\u8bf4\u6d41\u884c\u751a\u5e7f\uff0c\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u672c\u4eba\u56de\u5fc6\u30021962\u5e748\u670821\u65e5\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u6211\u300b\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u4f20\u8bb0\u6587\u5b66\u300b1962\u5e74\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c4\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f46\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u7a0d\u52a0\u6bd4\u7167\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6b64\u8bf4\u5e94\u662f\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u81ea\u5938\u4e4b\u8bcd\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u5df2\u4e8e1947\u5e747\u670822\u65e5\u5f00\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u56fd\u65d7\u6837\u5f0f\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u3002\u800c\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u81ea\u8ff0\u5411\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7b49\u5efa\u8a00\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f7\u670830\u65e5\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u81ea\u5df1\u65f6\u95f4\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6709\u8bef\u5462\uff1f\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u81ea\u4e91\u201c\u6211\u4e3a\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u91cd\u7ffb\u6211\u4f7f\u5370\u7684\u65e5\u8bb0\u548c\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u636e\u5b9e\u5199\u6765\u201d\u3002\uff08\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\uff1a\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u6211\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u5148\u751f\u6587\u5b58\u300b\u7b2c8\u518c\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u201c\u56fd\u53f2\u9986\u201d\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u515a\u53f2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u515a\u53f2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c1989\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c912-913\u9875\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u7167\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u6240\u8bf4\u636e\u65e5\u8bb0\u548c\u7b14\u8bb0\u64b0\u5199\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u5f53\u8bef\u8bb0\u3002\u518d\u67e5\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f267\u670830\u65e5\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u5f53\u665a\u6709\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7b49\u4eba\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u65e5\u8bb0\u5f53\u4e2d\u53ea\u662f\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u5411\u5370\u5c3c\u5b98\u5458\u9012\u4ea4\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5c3c\u534e\u4fa8\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u51fd\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u7b49\u4ea4\u6d41\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u8d77\u8349\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5370\u6587\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u7a3f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\uff08\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\uff1a\u300a\u51fa\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u7f57\u5bb6\u4f26\u5148\u751f\u6587\u5b58\u300b\u7b2c8\u518c\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u201c\u56fd\u53f2\u9986\u201d\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u515a\u53f2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u515a\u53f2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\uff0c1989\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c142\u9875\u3002\uff09\u6240\u4ee57\u670830\u65e5\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u8bef\u8bb0\u4e0d\u662f\u5076\u7136\u7b14\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[24] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.750.[25] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.750.[26] [\u7f8e]\u82ad\u82ad\u62c9\u00b7D\u00b7\u6885\u7279\u5361\u592b\u3001[\u7f8e]\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7R\u00b7\u6885\u7279\u5361\u592b\u8457\uff0c\u674e\u4e9a\u5170\u3001\u5468\u8881\u3001\u4efb\u7b71\u53ef\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u5251\u6865\u73b0\u4ee3\u5370\u5ea6\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u65b0\u661f\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2019\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c236\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[27] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cpp.750-751.[28] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.751.[29] Co<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">nstituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.751.[30] Jawaharlal Nehru , Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, Second Series: Volume 3, New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,pp.46-47.[31] Jawaharlal<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">Nehru , Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, First Series: Volume 4, New Delhi:Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,p.250.[32] Jawaharlal Nehru , Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, Second Series: Volume 3, New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,p.46.[33] Roy Srirupa\uff0c&quot;A Symbol of F<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">reedom: The Indian Flag and the Transformations of Nationalism, 1906\u20132002&quot;\uff0cThe Journal of Asian Studies\uff0cVolume 65 \/ Issue 03 \/ August 2006,pp.511-512.[34] Mahatma Gandhi, What is Hinduism, New Delhi: National Book Trust,1994,p.1.[35] [\u5370] \u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u8457\uff0c\u5f20\u5b9d\u82b3\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u81ea\u4f20\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u793e\uff0c1956\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c431\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[36] [\u5370] \u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u8457\uff0c\u5f20\u5b9d\u82b3\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u81ea\u4f20\u300b\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u793e\uff0c1956\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c428\u9875\u3002[37] [\u7f8e]\u65af\u5766\u5229\u00b7\u6c83\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u8457\uff0c\u674e\u5efa\u6b23\u3001\u5f20\u9526\u51ac\u8bd1\uff1a\u300a\u7ec6\u6570\u6052\u6cb3\u6c99\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u901a\u53f2\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e1c\u65b9\u51fa\u7248\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c2019\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c418\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[38] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 96, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.187.[39] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 96, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.188.[40] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 96,<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.112.[41] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 96, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.188.[42] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 96, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.196.[43]<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">Jawaharlal Nehru , Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, Second Series: Volume 3, New Delhi:Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund\/ Oxford University Press ,1987,p.46.[44] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 96, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.153.[45] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mah<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">atma Gandhi, Vol. 96, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.113.[46] 1947\u5e748\u670815\u65e5\u5348\u591c\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u5178\u793c\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e54\u675c\u91cc\u00b7\u54c8\u91cc\u594e\u624e\u66fc\u8fd8\u53d7\u9080\u4ee3\u8868\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u53d1\u8868\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5f53\u665a\u53d1\u8868\u6b63\u5f0f\u8bb2\u8bdd\u7684\u5171\u6709\u56db\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u4eba\u662f\u5c3c\u8d6b\u9c81\u3001\u62c9\u91d1\u5fb7\u00b7\u666e\u62c9\u8428\u5fb7\u3001S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u3002\u4f46\u4e54\u675c\u91cc\u00b7\u54c8\u5229\u594e\u624e\u66fc\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd8\u662f\u4e8e1947\u5e7411\u6708\u79fb\u5c45\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u3002\u79fb\u5c45\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u540e\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8054\u76df\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u4e1c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u603b\u7763\u7b49\u804c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[47] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.754.[48] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.763.[49] \u6765\u81ea\u4e4c\u4ee3\u666e\u5c14\u571f<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u90a6\uff08Udaipur State\uff09\u7684\u83ab\u6c49\u00b7\u8f9b\u683c\u00b7\u6885\u5854\uff08Mohan Sinha Mehta\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u571f\u90a6\u3001\u6765\u81ea\u897f\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u7701\uff08West Bengal\uff09\u7684H.C.\u7a46\u514b\u5409\uff08H. C. Mookherjee\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u7fa4\u4f53\u3001\u6765\u81ea\u6bd4\u54c8\u5c14\u7701(Bihar)\u7684\u6770\u5e15\u5c14\u00b7\u8f9b\u683c\uff08Jaipal Singh\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u571f\u8457\u90e8\u843d\u6c11\u3001\u6765\u81ea\u4e1c\u65c1\u906e\u666e\u7701(East Punjab)\u7684\u8d3e\u5c3c\u00b7\u53e4\u5c14\u7a46\u514b\u00b7\u8f9b\u683c\u00b7\u7a46\u8428\u6cd5\uff08Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafar \uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u9521\u514b\u6559\u5f92\u3001\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u592e\u548c\u6bd4\u5c14\u62c9\u7701\uff08C.P. &amp; Berar\uff09\u7684H.J.\u574e\u5fb7\u5361\u5c14\uff08H. J. Khandekar\uff09\u4ee3\u8868\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u9636\u7ea7\u5ba3\u5e03\u652f\u6301\u65b0\u56fd\u65d7\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[50] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.755.[51] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cpp.759-760.[52] Co<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">nstituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.758.[53] S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u72ec\u7acb\u540e\u66fe\u5148\u540e\u62c5\u4efb\u5370\u5ea6\u526f\u603b\u7edf\uff081952-1962\uff09\u3001\u603b\u7edf\uff081962-1967\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[54] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cp.757.[55] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cpp.756-757.\u611f\u8c22\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u5b66\u9662\u91d1\u94ed\u5bf9\u8bd1\u6587\u7684\u6307\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[56] Mohandas Gandhi, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. 70, New Delhi: Publications Division Government of India, 1999,p.304.[57] Constituent Assembly Debates (Proceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cpp.756-757.[58] Constituent Assembly Debates (P<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">roceedings) (14 July to 31st July 1947,Volume IV),<a href=\"http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/164.100.47.132\/LssNew\/constituent\/debates.html,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e742\u670815\u65e5)\uff0cpp.756-757.\u6839\u636e\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u7eb3\u5927\u795e\u662f\u6bd7\u6e7f\u5974\u5927\u795e\u7684\u7b2c\u516b\u5316\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[59] Sudha Pai, &quot;The National Flag&quot;, India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 2 (AUTUMN 2009),p.40.[60] Sudha Pai, &quot;The National Flag&quot;, India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 2 (AUTUMN 2009),p.40.[61] Dhirendra K Jha, &quot;To claim RSS association with the tricolour, Sangh chief Mohan Bhagwat plants lie in nationally tel<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">evised speech&quot;,<a href=\"https:\/\/caravanmagazine.in\/history-society\/mohan-bhagwat-lie-rss-association-tricolour,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/caravanmagazine.in\/history-society\/mohan-bhagwat-lie-rss-association-tricolour,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670813\u65e5)\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[62] Shamsul Islam, RSS Primer: Based on Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh Documents, New Delhi:Pharos Media &amp;Publishing Pvt Ltd,p.11.[63] Shamsul Islam, RSS Primer: Based on Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh Documents, New Delhi:Pharos Media &amp;Publishing Pvt Ltd,pp.11-12.[64] M.S.Golwalkar, Bunch of Thoughts, Bangalore:Vikrama Prakashan,1966\uff0cpp.26-22<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">7\/335-336.[65] Sudha Pai, &quot;The National Flag&quot;, India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 2 (AUTUMN 2009),p.40.[66] Sudha Pai, &quot;The National Flag&quot;, India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 2 (AUTUMN 2009),p.41.[67] &quot;THE EMBLEMS AND NAMES (PREVENTION OF IMPROPER USE) ACT,1950&quot;\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiacode.nic.in\/bitstream\/123456789\/1896\/1\/A1950-12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.indiacode.nic.in\/bitstream\/123456789\/1896\/1\/A1950-12.pdf<\/a>\uff0c\uff08\u4e0a\u7f51 \u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[68] J K Gupta\uff0c&quot;Standardizing the tricolour that symbolizes the world\u2019s largest democracy&quot;\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.bis.gov.in:8098\/BISBlog\/standardizing-the-tricolour-that-symbolizes-the-worlds-largest-democracy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/blog.bis.gov.in:8098\/BISBlog\/standardizing-the-tricolour-that-symbolizes-the-worlds-largest-democracy\/<\/a>\uff0c\uff08\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670816\u65e5\uff09\u3002[69] &quot;Naveen Jindal vs Union Of India on 22 September, 1995&quot;\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/1332036\/?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/1332036\/?<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=878633bef11e4f15e0ff8224daf9d791f192cd49-1608094650-0-AUxNcOKRv1OH0sTNIWLnpWWPIik2_uosBTqP8ewj90VXpH2UBiYnGTGa9ntL8smOYJn5FgoS_0fW3htq7GqawwTiXJ6PE6J_toxCsomX5R3kProQ88HHG1fUd6A2x18SuFtg9cX_uVpCHdkYUwDzYzysMzyvTlbNZBkk5EDcrMn3CW7g6IhE4ihi9jzxpFIkKhgrxqP9pJ2G_lK3WxSt6yv2VJw0rr&#8211;krOmIgb-1Z9p8txq-vfZ3agpzkT05qFUtIHmHNgH6z<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">4pYby81oP2v1XDsM53z1crsW4xXUm4qHUToEHHD4xw75hkoTAM-gWTe47iX09cZvvilRyl2WJ-Snes4pKz_Ih4i_zEJBT6A00orSIFN56oRgFzJeoAQ7VRpA\uff0c\uff08\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670816\u65e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[70]&quot;Flag Code of India&quot;, <a href=\"http:\/\/mca.gov.in\/Ministry\/pdf\/FlagCodeIndia14_16082018.pdf,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/mca.gov.in\/Ministry\/pdf\/FlagCodeIndia14_16082018.pdf,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670818\u65e5)\u3002[71] &quot;Union Of India vs Naveen Jindal &amp; Anr on 23 January, 2004&quot;\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/40605\/?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/indiankanoon.org\/doc\/40605\/?<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">type=print&amp;__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=5085d77cd96f7208e112f93ea62ff71b6cf35fb6-1608104831-0-AQXVSHAT5zx57NxCvQZX_Utj3ojo7-mXB-rEDTgQAqmwkOFLPX-eUb5YG9Vu1YJwHgg4YBUkfxwg0YtsK6dB1mzDOumXmiyarpO_o-clORouuyv2z7yDnRK3ywuHqlbOB1gm6gaSu_y8Ua2gKSove8nLYW4HfAbYpzeXzdGdscNUtRDeYliPPITA2Koyq4G2nczyCEazEkcg6Ut7I8aMJXBkYEbUTdSe7TxZMWR1byZy-TPz9Q4wT909cMy5SNP<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">BuiwLlOFUatgOnr2bTP1Pt9lliqKyomXpXatFpKryqn73GLpPe6yglIcWyd9E7_E-a6IgSUretHpoF8bem_NpqHc5gIljIKZ-7Xqx2LkHhO7mqWmmmwOgFC71LTeFYq7kGQSI9p7EnLKW-NmDo-8axSg\uff0c\uff08\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670818\u65e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[72] Sudha Pai, &quot;The National Flag&quot;, India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 2 (AUTUMN 2009),p.40.[73] \u59dc\u666f\u594e\u3001\u8d3e\u5ca9\uff1a\u201c\u4ece\u591a\u5143\u5230\u4e00\u5143\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f53\u4ee3\u53d8\u8fc1\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e74\u7b2c21\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c19\u9875\u3002\u8d3e\u5ca9\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fdb\u516521\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5728\u575a\u6301\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u7956\u5730\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f31\u5316\u4e86\u5bf9\u201c\u5723\u5730\u201d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6267\u8457\uff0c\u4e3a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f92\u8ba4\u540c\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u95e8\u69db\u3002\uff08\u8d3e\u5ca9\uff1a\u201c\u2018\u5370\u5ea6\u6bcd\u4eb2\u2019\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u60f3\u8c61\u201d\uff0c\u300a\u5357\u4e9a\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c2020\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff0c\u7b2c122\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\uff09\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u964d\u4f4e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8ba4\u540c\u201c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7279\u6027\u201d\u7684\u95e8\u69db\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u4e0e\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8bba\u8ff0\u76842002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u81f4\u529b\u5efa\u6784\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u66f4\u5177\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002[74] 2002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u5f15\u7528S.\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u91cc\u5e0c\u5357\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u53d1\u8a00\u4e0e\u5236\u5baa\u4f1a\u8bae\u8fa9\u8bba\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u8ff0\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u7cbe\u795e\u5219\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u5b57\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f2002\u5e74\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5bf9\u539f\u672c\u505a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u5904\u7406\u3002[75]&quot;Flag Code of India,2002&quot;,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mca.gov.in\/Ministry\/pdf\/FlagCodeIndia14_16082018.pdf,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.mca.gov.in\/Ministry\/pdf\/FlagCodeIndia14_16082018.pdf,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7411\u670824\u65e5)\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">[76] M.S.Golwalkar, Bunch of Thoughts \uff0cBangalore:Vikrama Prakashan,1966\uff0cpp.134-135.[77] Sudha Pai, &quot;The National Flag&quot;, India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 2 (AUTUMN 2009),p.43.[78] Sudha Pai, &quot;The National Flag&quot;, India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 36, No. 2 (AUTUMN 2009),p.43.[79] Dhirendra K Jha, &quot;To claim RSS ass<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">ociation with the tricolour, Sangh chief Mohan Bhagwat plants lie in nationally televised speech&quot;,<a href=\"https:\/\/caravanmagazine.in\/history-society\/mohan-bhagwat-lie-rss-association-tricolour,\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/caravanmagazine.in\/history-society\/mohan-bhagwat-lie-rss-association-tricolour,<\/a>(\u4e0a\u7f51\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2020\u5e7412\u670813\u65e5)\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u9f50\u4ec1\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u535a\u58eb\u7814\u7a76\u751f<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u672c\u6587\u8f6c\u8f7d\u81ea\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f72021\u5e747\u67082\u65e5\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u539f\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6 | \u9f50\u4ec1\u8fbe\uff1a\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u65d7\u4e0e\u5370\u5ea6\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u6784\u53d8\u8fc1\u300b\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u539f\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u5357\u4e9a\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7814\u7a76\u300b2021\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\u201c\u59dc\u666f\u594e\u4e13\u680f\u201d\u672c\u671f\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u7a46\u794e\u74a0 \u9648\u5353<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5370\u5ea6\u5e94\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u878d\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u6218\u7565\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u62b1\u5b88\u201c\u6218\u7565\u81ea\u4e3b\u201d\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u5370\u6218\u7565\u754c\u8fd1\u671f\u8fa9\u8bba\u6700\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8bdd\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[17],"class_list":["post-486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-16","tag-17"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=486"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nyyjtx.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}