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\u4f5c\u8005 | \u6f58\u7490\u7f16\u8f91 | \u5355\u654f\u654f\u5ba1\u6838 | \u6c5f\u6021 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc \u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u653f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u571f\u5730\u5236\u5ea6\u675f\u7f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5e73\u8861\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5c0f\u519c\u6237\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8854\u63a5\u5171\u8363\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u56e2\u7ed3\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u9762\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u519c\u653f\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u5e76\u84c4\u5438\u6536\u501f\u9274\u4e0d\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5f53\u4ee3\u5b66\u4eba\u7acb\u8db3\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u9610\u91ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u5f0f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u4e0e\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u7d22\u7eb3\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u519c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5408\u4f5c\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u89c6\u91ce\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u8272\u7684\u519c\u653f\u7814\u7a76\u7406\u8bba\u4f53\u7cfb\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u501f\u9274\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u7d22\u7eb3\uff081915\u20141974\uff09\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53f2\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u6709\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u524d\u666f\u300b\uff08The Agrarian Prospect in India: Five Lectures on Land Reform, 1956\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0e\u52b3\u52a8\u300b\uff08Land and Labour in India, 1962\uff09\u548c\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u300b\uff08Agricultural Cooperatives in India: A Field Report, 1964\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d22\u7eb3\u548c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u56e0\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u519c\u653f\u7814\u7a76\u800c\u7ed3\u7f18\u30021936\u20141939\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u8d74\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u4efb\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5173\u7cfb\u5b66\u4f1a\u56fd\u9645\u90e8\u526f\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u534f\u52a9\u6b27\u6587\u00b7\u62c9\u94c1\u6469\u5c14\u529e\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u4e8b\u52a1\u300b\u5b63\u520a\uff0c\u5e76\u4efb\u8be5\u520a\u526f\u4e3b\u7f16\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7d22\u7eb3\u4e0e\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u76f8\u8bc6\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\uff0c1944\u20141946\u5e74\u95f4\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u65b0\u5fb7\u91cc\u518d\u6b21\u76f8\u805a\u3002\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u56e0\u53d7\u5230\u653f\u6cbb\u8feb\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e8e1944\u5e74\u524d\u5f80\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u5230\u5fb7\u91cc\u5927\u5b66\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7814\u7a76\u90e8\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u517c\u4efb\u8be5\u5927\u5b66\u8bc4\u5377\u4eba\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u79df\u754c\u6cd5\u6848\u9a7b\u5370\u4ee3\u8868\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u7684\u7d22\u7eb3\u6070\u597d\u4e5f\u5728\u5fb7\u91cc\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u5bf9\u5357\u4e9a\u6b21\u5927\u9646\u590d\u6742\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u533a\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5927\u91cf\u9605\u8bfb\u4e861927\u20141928\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u7687\u5bb6\u5370\u5ea6\u519c\u4e1a\u8c03\u67e5\u56e2\u8bc1\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n

1946\u5e74\uff0c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u79bb\u5f00\u5370\u5ea6\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u56fd\u505a\u5927\u5b66\u52a9\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021948\u5e74\uff0c\u7d22\u7eb3\u4e5f\u56de\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u5e76\u53c2\u52a0\u8be5\u6821\u7684\u5357\u4e9a\u533a\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u5411\u9879\u76ee\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u63a8\u8350\u8058\u8bf7\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u4e3a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u300a\u5357\u4e9a\u7684\u751f\u6001\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u533a\u57df\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u30021951\u5e74\uff0c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u5728\u79bb\u7f8e\u56de\u56fd\u524d\u628a\u4e24\u672c\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e66\u7a3f\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7d22\u7eb3\u3002\u7d22\u7eb3\u53ca\u5176\u592b\u4eba\u4e3a\u7f16\u8f91\u51fa\u7248\u8fd9\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u79cd\u79cd\u8270\u8f9b\u548c\u5468\u6298\uff0c\u76f4\u81f31974\u5e74\u7d22\u7eb3\u53bb\u4e16\u90fd\u672a\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5728\u7d22\u7eb3\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u82f1\u6587\u7248\uff08Ecological and Agrarian Regions of South Asia circa 1930, 1996\uff09\u6700\u7ec8\u7531\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n

1959\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u66fe\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c\u4ee5\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u300b\u4e3a\u9898\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e2d\u6587\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u800c1996\u5e74\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u5728\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u6587\u5b57\u7a3f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd8\u9644\u6709\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4e24\u5e45\u5730\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u533a\u57df\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u548c\u4f5c\u7269\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u3002\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7d22\u7eb3\u548c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u5bf9\u5370\u5df4\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u519c\u653f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u524d\u63d0\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u519c\u653f\u95ee\u9898\uff08agrarian question\uff09\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u671f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u5bb6\u7528\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u519c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u519c\u6751\u4e2d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u6269\u5f20\u662f\u519c\u653f\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7acb\u8db3\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5404\u5730\u533a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bcf\u90a6\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8981\u51b3\u5b9a\u8c01\u662f\u4e61\u6751\u4e2d\u5360\u652f\u914d\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u628a\u5168\u5370\u5ea6\u7b3c\u7edf\u5730\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u54ea\u91cc\u662f\u7ecf\u8425\u5730\u4e3b\u5360\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u54ea\u91cc\u662f\u6c38\u4f43\u519c\u5360\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u54ea\u91cc\u662f\u96c7\u519c\u6216\u4f43\u519c\u5360\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u62df\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5207\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5212\u5206\u4e0e\u519c\u653f\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u7d22\u7eb3\u4ece\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u628a\u5370\u5ea6\u5206\u621016\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u7528\u7684\u5212\u5206\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u5730\u6743\u5206\u914d\u3001\u52b3\u529b\u5206\u914d\u3001\u4fe1\u8d37\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u6839\u636e\u5730\u5f62\uff08\u5c71\u8c37\u548c\u5e73\u539f\uff09\u3001\u6c34\u5229\uff08\u96e8\u91cf\u548c\u704c\u6e89\uff09\u3001\u8015\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u519c\u4f5c\u5236\u5ea6\uff08\u68c9\u82b1\u3001\u70df\u8349\u3001\u9ec4\u9ebb\u7b49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u5c0f\u9ea6\u5927\u7c73\u3001\u6742\u7cae\u7b49\u7cae\u98df\u4f5c\u7269\uff09\u3001\u571f\u5730\u5236\u5ea6\uff08\u7530\u8d4b\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u79df\u4f43\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u96c7\u519c\u5236\u5ea6\uff09\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u72b6\u51b5\uff09\u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5c06\u5370\u5df4\u5730\u533a\u5212\u5206\u4e3a21\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6807\u51c6\u90fd\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u6027\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5206\u6790\u5730\u5f62\u3001\u964d\u96e8\u7b49\u7269\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u7ecf\u8425\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u9650\u5236\u548c\u675f\u7f1a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u7ecf\u8425\u6d3b\u52a8\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4fe1\u5fb7\u7701\u5730\u5904\u5bbd\u9614\u3001\u5e72\u71e5\u7684\u51b2\u79ef\u5e73\u539f\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u6cb3\u5ce1\u8c37\u4e0b\u6e38\u82cf\u5e93\u5c14\u62e6\u6cb3\u575d\u7684\u5efa\u6210\uff0c\u4fe1\u5fb7\u7701\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5f97\u4ee5\u5e38\u5e74\u704c\u6e89\uff0c\u5c0f\u7c73\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u5c0f\u9ea6\u548c\u6cb9\u6599\u4f5c\u7269\u6240\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u4f5c\u7269\u3002\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7269\u7c7b\u578b\u53d8\u5316\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u662f\u571f\u5730\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u4fe1\u5fb7\u770172%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8015\u5730\u7531\u5927\u5730\u4e3b\u6301\u6709\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u571f\u5730\u79df\u7ed9\u4f43\u6237\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u6536\u53d6\u79df\u91d1\u3002\u5728\u53e4\u5409\u62c9\u7279\u90a6\uff0c\u5317\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u6c34\u4e95\u704c\u6e89\u7684\u6c34\u4f4d\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e0b\u6c89\uff0c\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u6c34\u7a0e\u548c\u4f4e\u5ec9\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u5bfc\u81f4\u704c\u6e89\u519c\u4e1a\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u68c9\u82b1\u3001\u6cb9\u83dc\u7c7d\u4ee5\u53ca\u70df\u8349\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u975e\u7cae\u98df\u4f5c\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7cae\u98df\u4f5c\u7269\u79cd\u690d\u51cf\u5c11\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u7269\u548c\u51fa\u53e3\u578b\u4f5c\u7269\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9020\u6210\u519c\u6c11\u8d1f\u503a\u4e43\u81f3\u7834\u4ea7\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u53e4\u5409\u62c9\u7279\u90a6\u519c\u4e1a\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u52301931\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u5de5\u4eba\u5df2\u5360\u519c\u6751\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768454%\uff0c\u4e14\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u91c7\u68c9\u5de5\u4eba\u6765\u81ea\u5361\u63d0\u74e6\u534a\u5c9b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5404\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u548c\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7ecf\u6d4e\u533a\u57df\u300b\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u519c\u4e1a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u8d28\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u3001\u5730\u4e3b\u548c\u9ad8\u5229\u8d37\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5e73\u8861\u6709\u7740\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u9636\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u79cd\u59d3\u9636\u5c42\u5747\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u533a\u57df\u5dee\u5f02\u6027\u3002\u519c\u6751\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u201c\u539f\u578b\u201d\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u67d0\u79cd\u666e\u9002\u7684\u519c\u653f\u53d8\u8fc1\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7ed3\u675f\u5357\u4e9a\u533a\u57df\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u548c\u7d22\u7eb3\u4ecd\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u519c\u653f\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u57281947\u5e74\u72ec\u7acb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5927\u519c\u4e1a\u6295\u8d44\u3001\u6539\u5584\u57fa\u7840\u5efa\u8bbe\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4f7f\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u548c\u4ea9\u4ea7\u9010\u6e10\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u9ad8\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u523060\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u4f7f\u5370\u5ea6\u519c\u6751\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u9636\u7ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u5bcc\u519c\u6210\u4e3a\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u6700\u5927\u7684\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\u3002\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u5173\u5fc3\u5370\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u65e2\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u90bb\u90a6\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u7740\u89c4\u6a21\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u3001\u751f\u5b58\u72b6\u51b5\u4ee4\u4eba\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u601d\u8003\u5ef6\u7eed\u7740\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4ed6\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c60\u5e74\u4ee3\u591a\u6b21\u64b0\u6587\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u519c\u6751\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u519c\u4e1a\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u5bcc\u519c\u517c\u5177\u5546\u4eba\u3001\u9ad8\u5229\u8d37\u548c\u5c01\u5efa\u6536\u79df\u8005\u201c\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u201d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u6291\u5236\u4e86\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u4e61\u6751\u7684\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u9636\u7ea7\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u76f4\u63a5\u6d89\u53ca\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5c45\u6c11\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u5177\u6709\u5934\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7279\u522b\u5f3a\u8c03\u571f\u5730\u6539\u9769\u5bf9\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u519c\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7d22\u7eb3\u4e5f\u5728\u5173\u6ce8\u5370\u5ea6\u519c\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u5bb6\u6237\u5c42\u9762\u7406\u89e3\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u519c\u4e1a\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f7f\u5f97\u519c\u6237\u7ecf\u8425\u5f00\u59cb\u66f4\u591a\u9762\u5411\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u65b0\u53e4\u5178\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u8303\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u519c\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d22\u7eb3\u57281958\u5e74\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bf9\u4e8e\u519c\u6237\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u300b\uff08The Relevance of Entrepreneurial Economics to Production by Peasant Households\uff09\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u7528\u4f01\u4e1a\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u81ea\u8eab\u751f\u5b58\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u5b9e\u7269\u5f62\u5f0f\u652f\u4ed8\u5730\u79df\u3001\u507f\u8fd8\u501f\u6b3e\u548c\u9884\u501f\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u6295\u8d44\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u8d27\u5e01\u5229\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7cae\u98df\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u5229\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5229\u7387\u7406\u8bba\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u3002\u5728\u601d\u8003\u5370\u5ea6\u519c\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d22\u7eb3\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e86\u4fc4\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bb6\u6070\u4e9a\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u542f\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d22\u7eb3\u751f\u547d\u6700\u540e\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4f20\u64ad\u6070\u4e9a\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u601d\u60f3\u30021966\u5e74\uff0c\u7d22\u7eb3\u4e0e\u514b\u5c14\u5e03\u83b1\uff08Basile Kerblay\uff09\u548c\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\uff08R. E. F. Smith\uff09\u4e00\u540c\u7f16\u8f91\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u6070\u4e9a\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u519c\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300b\uff08The Theory of Peasant Economy\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c06\u6070\u4e9a\u8bfa\u592b\u7684\u519c\u6c11\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u60f3\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u57281962\u5e74\u7684\u666e\u7f57\u65fa\u65af\u56fd\u9645\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5386\u53f2\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u7d22\u7eb3\u66f4\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u519c\u6c11\u53ca\u5176\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e76\u975e\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u3001\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u519c\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u73b0\u4ee3\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

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