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\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Centre for the Study of Developing Societies\uff09\u6d1b\u514b\u5c3c\u63d0\u6bd4\u8f83\u6c11\u4e3b\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\uff08Lokniti Programme for Comparative Democracy\uff09\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u57282020\u5e74\u6bd4\u54c8\u5c14\u90a6\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ea677%\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u9009\u6c11\u6295\u7968\u652f\u6301\u53cdBJP\u7684\u201c\u5927\u8054\u76df\u201d\uff08Mahagathbandhan\uff0cMGB\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u653f\u515a\u8054\u76df\uff09\uff1b\u57282021\u5e74\u897f\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u90a6\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c75%\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6295\u7968\u652f\u6301\u5f53\u6743\u7684\u8349\u6839\u56fd\u5927\u515a\uff08Trinamool\uff09\uff1b\u57282022\u5e74\u5317\u65b9\u90a6\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\uff0c79%\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6295\u7968\u652f\u6301\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u515a\uff08Samajwadi Party\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u4e5f\u5206\u79cd\u59d3\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u201c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79cd\u59d3\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u751a\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f46\u79cd\u59d3\u4ecd\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u76f8<\/h2>\n

\u5f53\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6b21\u7ea7\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u89c2\u5bdf\u5bb6\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u8ba4\u540c\u201c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u79cd\u59d3\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u57fa\u7840\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u5c42\u548c\u804c\u4e1a\u9650\u5236\u4e0a\u65e0\u7591\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u79cd\u59d3\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79cd\u59d3\u8eab\u4efd\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u963f\u4ec0\u62c9\u592b\uff08Ashraf\uff09\u3001\u963f\u5409\u62c9\u592b\uff08Ajlaf\uff09\u3001\u963f\u8d3e\u5c14\uff08Arzal\uff09\u3002\u963f\u4ec0\u62c9\u592b\u7fa4\u4f53\u81ea\u79f0\u662f\u4ece\u4e2d\u4e1c\u3001\u4e2d\u4e9a\u8fdb\u5165\u5370\u5ea6\u6b21\u5927\u9646\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79fb\u6c11\u540e\u88d4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u8d5b\u4e49\u5fb7\u4eba\uff08Sayyids\uff09\u3001\u8c22\u8d6b\u4eba\uff08Shaikhs\uff09\u3001\u83ab\u5367\u513f\u4eba\uff08Mughals\uff09\u3001\u5e15\u5766\u4eba\uff08Pathans\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5185\u90e8\u53c8\u53ef\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u7ec6\u5316\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002\u963f\u5409\u62c9\u592b\u7fa4\u4f53\u548c\u963f\u8d3e\u5c14\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7688\u4f9d\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u6765\u81ea\u843d\u540e\u9636\u5c42\uff08OBC\uff09\u548c\u8fbe\u5229\u7279\uff08Dalit\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fbe\u5229\u7279\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5e76\u4e0d\u4eab\u6709\u300a\u5370\u5ea6\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u4e3a\u8868\u5217\u79cd\u59d3\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7279\u60e0\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u81ea 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 90 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u81ea\u201c\u4f4e\u79cd\u59d3\u201d\u963f\u5409\u62c9\u592b\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u201c\u8d31\u6c11\u201d\u963f\u5c14\u624e\u5c14\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79ef\u6781\u5206\u5b50\u4e00\u76f4\u8bd5\u56fe\u52a8\u5458\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cd\u5bf9\u963f\u4ec0\u62c9\u592b\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u81ea\u8eab\u7fa4\u4f53\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u201d \uff08Pasmanda\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6ce2\u65af\u8bed\u201c\u88ab\u9057\u5f03\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4f4e\u79cd\u59d3\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u8d31\u6c11\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8d31\u6c11\u6b67\u89c6\uff08practices of untouchability \uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u9879\u5173\u4e8e\u5317\u65b9\u90a6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79cd\u59d3\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fbe\u5229\u7279\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u6027\u906d\u9047\u8d31\u6c11\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0d\u8bb8\u5c06\u6b7b\u8005\u4e0e\u9ad8\u79cd\u59d3\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u57cb\u846c\u5728\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5893\u5730\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5c31\u9910\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0e\u9ad8\u79cd\u59d3\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u513f\u7ae5\u5206\u5f00\u5c31\u5ea7\uff1b\u5728\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5c42\u79cd\u59d3\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u4ea4\u5f80\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u906d\u9047\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u79cd\u59d3\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u975e\u8d31\u6c11\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6000\u6709\u79cd\u59d3\u6b67\u89c6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c21%\u7684\u975e\u8d31\u6c11\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u58f0\u79f0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u53bb\u8d31\u6c11\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5bb6\u505a\u5ba2\u3002\u5370\u5ea6\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e8b\u52a1\u90e8\u53d1\u5e03\u76842006\u5e74\u8428\u67e5\u5c14\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\uff08Sachar Committee Report \uff09\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u63f4\u5f15\u7528\u4ee5\u8bc1\u660e\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5176\u79cd\u59d3\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u5c06\u201c\u975e\u4e0a\u5c42\u79cd\u59d3\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u201d\u5f52\u5165\u201cOBC\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u201d\uff08\u5373\u7fa4\u4f53\u843d\u540e\u9636\u5c42\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff09\u7c7b\u522b\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9OBC\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c\u666e\u901a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5730\u4f4d\u65b9\u9762\uff0cOBC\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8fdc\u8fdc\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548cOBC\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u62a5\u544a\u5206\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u666e\u901a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u201d\u5305\u62ec\u963f\u4ec0\u62c9\u592b\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u800cOBC\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\uff08Pasmanda\uff09\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u963f\u5409\u62c9\u592b\uff08Ajlaf\uff09\u7fa4\u4f53\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u624e\u5c14\uff08Arzal\uff09\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79cd\u59d3\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5316\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79cd\u59d3\u9664\u4e86\u4e0e\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5dee\u5f02\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u6df1\u523b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u56db\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u201cPasmanda\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u8c37\u6b4c\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u91cf\u6025\u5267\u4e0a\u5347\u5c31\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff08\u89c1\u56fe 2\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u589e\u957f\u5728\u5317\u5370\u5ea6\u6700\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u91cc\u6b63\u662f\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7fa4\u4f53\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u5458\u6700\u5f3a\u52bf\u3001\u6700\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002Google\u4e2d\u201cPasmanda\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u641c\u7d22\u91cf\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5728\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u79cd\u59d3\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u201d\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u52a8\u5458\u529b\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u5370\u5ea6\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u9a6c\u54c8\u5179\uff08AIPMM\uff09\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6bd4\u54c8\u5c14\u90a6\uff0c\u7531\u8054\u90a6\u9662\uff08Rajya Sabha\uff09\u524d\u8bae\u5458\u963f\u91cc\u00b7\u5b89\u74e6\u5c14\uff08Ali Anwar\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u5904\u4e8e\u516c\u6c11\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u524d\u6cbf\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f3a\u70c8\u4e3b\u5f20\u8fbe\u5229\u7279\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fbe\u5229\u7279\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff09\u83b7\u5f97\u201c\u8868\u5217\u79cd\u59d3\u201d\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u673a\u4f1a\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u4f1a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u8d4b\u6743\u65b9\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u4f18\u5f85\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u514d\u53d7\u66b4\u884c\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3002\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7fa4\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u79cd\u59d3\u754c\u7ebf\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u5458\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u7c7b\u52a8\u5458\u5927\u591a\u4ee5\u201c\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u201d\uff08Pasmanda\uff09\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u6848\u4f8b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6bd4\u54c8\u5c14\u90a6\u4e5f\u6709\u5b89\u8428\u91cc\uff08Ansaris\uff09\u6b21\u79cd\u59d3\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u52a8\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57282020\u5e74\u6bd4\u54c8\u5c14\u90a6\u9009\u4e3e\u524d\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u5b89\u8428\u91cc\u5927\u8bae\u4e8b\u4f1a\u201d\uff08Ansari Mahapanchayat\uff0cAMP\uff09\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5728\u6bd4\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u4e2d\u90e8\u548c\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u5f00\u5c55\u9488\u5bf9\u8349\u6839\u7fa4\u4f17\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3a\u5b89\u8428\u91cc\u6b21\u79cd\u59d3\u4e89\u53d6\u9009\u4e3e\u5e2d\u4f4d\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u6743\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u90e8\u9ad8\u5c42\u5b98\u5458\u5206\u522b\u652f\u6301\u90a6\u5185\u4e0d\u540c\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d70\u5411\u5206\u88c2\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u5947\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5370\u4eba\u515a 2022 \u5e74\u5728\u7279\u4f26\u7518\u7eb3\u90a6\uff08Telangana\uff09\u9996\u5e9c\u6d77\u5f97\u62c9\u5df4\u4e3e\u884c\u5168\u56fd\u6267\u884c\u4f1a\u8bae\u671f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u96c6\u56e2\u7ed9\u4e88\u6700\u4e3a\u9c9c\u660e\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201cPasmanda\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u5728Google\u4e0a\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u66b4\u589e\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f1a\u8bae\u53ec\u5f00\u5f53\u6708\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u5341\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5370\u4eba\u515a 2022 \u5e74\u9488\u5bf9\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u9732\u9aa8\u7edf\u6218\u6d3b\u52a8\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f88\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u56e2\u4f53\u8b66\u544a\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7fa4\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u8b66\u60d5\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u7684\u4eb2\u5584\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5168\u5370\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u9a6c\u54c8\u5179\uff08AIPMM\uff09\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u653f\u515a\u90fd\u4e0d\u5e94\u5c06\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7684\u652f\u6301\u89c6\u4e3a\u7406\u6240\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u540c\u65f6AIPMM\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5b89\u74e6\u5c14\u5219\u75db\u6279\u5370\u4eba\u515a\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u51b2\u7a81\u4e2d\u6ca6\u4e3a\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002\u5168\u5370\u5ea6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5927\u4f1a\u515a\uff08All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen party\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u963f\u8428\u675c\u4e01\u00b7\u5965\u74e6\u4f0a\u897f\uff08Asaduddin Owaisi\uff09\u7ecf\u5e38\u547c\u5401\u5370\u5ea6\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u62a8\u51fb\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u7684\u7edf\u6218\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u8c03\u5728\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u5f53\u5c40\u6267\u653f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u79c1\u5211\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5b89\u8428\u91cc\u6700\u7ec8\u51fb\u8d25\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\uff08Samajwadi Party\uff09\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b64\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u9ad8\u5c42\u58f0\u79f0\u201c\u5b89\u8428\u91cc\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u662f\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u52aa\u529b\u52a8\u5458\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u9009\u7968\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u679c\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u666e\u90a3\u515a\u7684\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u5bf9\u6218\u6765\u81ea\u793e\u4f1a\u515a\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u96be\u8fa8\u522b\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u79cd\u59d3\u8fd8\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5230 2017 \u5e74\uff0c12.6% \u7684\u666e\u901a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u548c 8% \u7684\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5230 2022 \u5e74\u90a6\u9009\u4e3e\u65f6\uff0c\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u5728\u666e\u901a\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e2d\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7387\u964d\u5230 9.8%\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u4e2d\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7387\u5219\u7565\u6709\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230 9.1%\uff08\u89c1\u56fe 3\uff09\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u90a6\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u7684\u6295\u7968\u503e\u5411\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5168\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u7968\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u6700\u8fd1\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u793e\u533a\u5374\u6709\u6240\u65a9\u83b7\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u53ca\u5370\u4eba\u515a2024 \u5e74\u9009\u4e3e\u4e2d\u63a8\u51fa\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u7edf\u6218\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u62db\u52df\u201c\u83ab\u8fea\u670b\u53cb\u201d\uff08Modi Mitrs\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5747\u8868\u660e\u5e15\u65af\u66fc\u8fbe\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5bf9\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8d70\u9ad8\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7edf\u6218\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e0e\u9488\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u5b97\u6559\u52a8\u5458\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u79cd\u59d3\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u5370\u4eba\u515a\u90fd\u662f\u4ef6\u96be\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u76f8\u5173\u89c6\u9891\u25bc\u5927\u9009\u4e13\u9898 | \u83ab\u8fea\u5230\u5e95\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5982\u671f\u53d6\u5f97\u5927\u80dc\uff1f\u5173\u952e\u5f97\u770b\u8fd9\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\uff01\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u8d39\u4e9a\u5fb7\u00b7\u827e\u8389\uff08Feyaad Allie\uff09\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u5e9c\u7cfb\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u30022024\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u5b66\u671f\u8d77\u4efb\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u5e9c\u5b66\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7f16\u8bd1\u81ea\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u56fd\u9645\u548c\u5e73\u7814\u7a76\u96622024\u5e742\u67089\u65e5\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u539f\u6807\u9898\u4e3aMapping Muslim Voting Behavior in India\uff0c\u539f\u7f51\u5740\u4e3ahttps:\/\/carnegieendowment.org\/2024\/02\/09\/mapping-muslim-voting-behavior-in-india-pub-91579<\/a>\u672c\u671f\u7f16\u8f91\uff1a\u674e\u6893\u7855 \u7a46\u794e\u74a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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