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Knox\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u62b5\u8fbe\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u8be6\u7ec6\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u5728\u968f\u540e\u768418\u4e16\u7eaa\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u6269\u5f20\u548c\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u6765\u5230\u4e1c\u65b9\u5e76\u5199\u4e0b\u6e38\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u56e0\u5730\u5904\u4e1c\u897f\u822a\u8def\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u662f\u5f80\u6765\u65c5\u884c\u53ca\u6b96\u6c11\u6269\u5f20\u7684\u5fc5\u7ecf\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u591a\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6216\u8005\u4ee5\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e38\u8bb0\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u6240\u8457\u300a\u5c9b\u56fd\u9521\u5170\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\u300b\u4e8e1681\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u768417\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u81f318\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5f00\u59cb\u8d8a\u53d1\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\u3001\u63a2\u9669\u53ca\u52d8\u6d4b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\uff08Robert Knox\uff09\uff08\u56fe\u6e90\u201d\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff09\u5728\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\u79bb\u5f00\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u76841658\u5e74\uff0c\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u548c\u7236\u4eb2\u4e00\u8d77\u4e58\u8239\u524d\u5f80\u6ce2\u65af\uff0c\u9014\u4e2d\u9047\u5230\u98ce\u66b4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e74\u62b5\u8fbe\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u3002\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u51e0\u5e74\u524d\u66fe\u7ecf\u5230\u8fc7\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u521a\u521a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e1c\u65b9\u8d38\u6613\u5784\u65ad\u6743\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u884c\u7a0b\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u51c6\u5907\u968f\u8239\u5230\u6ce2\u65af\u53c2\u52a0\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7236\u5b50\u4e8c\u4eba\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u88ab\u5eb7\u63d0\uff08Kandy\uff09\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u58eb\u5175\u6349\u83b7\uff0c\u968f\u4e4b\u548c\u8239\u5458\u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u5e26\u5230\u5eb7\u63d0\u3002\u5728\u968f\u540e\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u4e00\u76f4\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5eb7\u63d0\uff0c\u76f4\u52301680\u5e74\u624d\u9003\u5230\u5df4\u8fbe\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u82f1\u56fd\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u5199\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u300a\u5c9b\u56fd\u9521\u5170\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5eb7\u63d0\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u89c1\u6240\u95fb\u3002\u5f7c\u65f6\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u521a\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u5176\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5eb7\u63d0\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u7247\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u8fd9\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u65e9\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9ad8\u5730\u5730\u533a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u5b66\u672f\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u7b1b\u798f\uff08Daniel Defoe\uff09\u542c\u8bf4\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5e76\u53d7\u5230\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u4e3a\u300a\u9c81\u6ee8\u900a\u6f02\u6d41\u8bb0\u300b\u7684\u521b\u4f5c\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u7075\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u5168\u79f0\u662f\u300a\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u7fa4\u5c9b\u56fd\u5bb6\u9521\u5170\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\u300b\uff0c\u526f\u6807\u9898\u662f\u201c\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u56da\u5f92\u751f\u6d3b\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5c\u8005\u5947\u8ff9\u822c\u7684\u9003\u751f\u201d\u3002\u5c01\u9762\u4e0a\u5199\u7740\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u6807\u6ce8\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u56da\u5f92\u201d\uff08a Captive there near Twenty Years\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u53ef\u88ab\u89c6\u4f5c17\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u57df\u5916\u63a2\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6982\u8ff0\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6c11\u98ce\u6c11\u4fd7\u53ca\u5c71\u5ddd\u5730\u7406\u3002\u201c\u6982\u51b5\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u5c71\u5ddd\u8349\u6728\u3001\u5730\u7406\u6cb3\u6d41\u4e43\u81f3\u82b1\u9e1f\u9c7c\u866b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u89c2\u611f\uff1b\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8c03\u7814\u62a5\u544a\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u8d22\u52a1\u7a0e\u6536\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u6cbb\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\uff1b<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u201c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7684\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u8282\u65e5\u6c11\u4fd7\u3001\u79cd\u59d3\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4f26\u7406\uff1b\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u8bb0\u8ff0\u4e86\u65c5\u884c\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u3001\u6cbf\u9014\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u6240\u89c1\u6240\u95fb\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8be6\u7ec6\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5370\u5ea6\u6d0b\u5c9b\u56fd\u3002\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e0d\u4f46\u572817\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5f15\u8d77\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u4e5f\u88ab\u8bd1\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5b57\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u3001\u6cd5\u56fd\u548c\u8377\u5170\u6d41\u4f20\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e5f\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u5170\u5361\u300b\uff08Knox Dutu Lakdiva\uff09\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8bfb\u8005\u6781\u5927\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u9664\u4e86\u5173\u6ce8\u4e66\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7406\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u672c\u8eab\u5982\u4f55\u5f97\u5230\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u53ca\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">1680\u5e74\uff0c\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u56de\u5230\u4f26\u6566\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u88ab\u9080\u8bf7\u5230\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4ed6\u7684\u6240\u89c1\u6240\u95fb\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u4f1a\u9762\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u56e0\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ec6\u80de\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u7684\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u80e1\u514b\uff08Robert Hooke\uff09\u4e5f\u968f\u540e\u52a0\u5165\u3002\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\u662f\u8981\u51fa\u7248\u4e00\u672c\u517c\u987e\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5931\u6587\u5b66\u8da3\u5473\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u8d1f\u8d23\u51fa\u8d44\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u51fa\u7248\u8d39\u7528\u4e0d\u83f2\uff1b\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u65af\u7279\u83b1\u666e\uff08Robert Strype\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b66\u672f\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4fee\u9970\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u5185\u5bb9\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8865\u5145\u5404\u79cd\u5b66\u672f\u6750\u6599\uff1b\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u8d1f\u8d23\u8bb2\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u51e0\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u624d\u6700\u7ec8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8457\u4f5c\u7531\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e88\u4ee5\u5370\u5237\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u80e1\u514b\u8fd8\u5199\u4e86\u70ed\u60c5\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u3002\u5728\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u80e1\u514b\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u5bf9\u57df\u5916\u56fd\u522b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u201c\u6307\u5bfc\u6027\u610f\u89c1\u201d\uff08instructions\uff09\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u5145\u5206\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\uff08\u7ed9\u6d77\u5458\u548c\u65c5\u884c\u8005\uff09\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5728\u65c5\u9014\u4e2d\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9002\u5408\u4e14\u503c\u5f97\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1b\u8981\u6709\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u5bfc\u6027\u610f\u89c1\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u9002\u5408\u5728\u6d77\u5916\u505a\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u8981\u628a\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6536\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\u5e76\u68b3\u7406\u6210\u6587\uff0c\u8981\u5bf9\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u6240\u9074\u9009\uff0c\u53bb\u7c97\u53d6\u7cbe\uff1b\u8981\u628a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u56fd\u522b\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ed4\u7ec6\u6536\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\u6216\u8005\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5c1a\u95fb\u6240\u672a\u95fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p 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style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u548c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u6e38\u8bb0\u7c7b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u591a\u88ab\u6000\u7591\u771f\u5047\u7cc5\u6742\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u60f3\u8c61\u5f02\u57df\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u590d\u6742\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5fc3\u6001\u7684\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u9020\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u5bf9\u5f02\u56fd\u98ce\u60c5\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u7531\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u534f\u52a9\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8fd9\u672c\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u4f8b\u8bc1\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u519c\u57a6\u548c\u72e9\u730e\uff1a\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u00b7\u6000\u7279\u00b7\u8d1d\u514b\u7684\u9521\u5170\u6e38\u8bb019\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u00b7\u6000\u7279\u00b7\u8d1d\u514b\uff08Samuel White Baker\uff09\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u65c5\u884c\u548c\u63a2\u9669\uff0c\u5e76\u8457\u6709\u300a\u9521\u5170\u6f2b\u6e38\u516b\u5e74\u300b\uff08Eight Years\u2019 Wanderings in Ceylon\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u9521\u5170\u7684\u6b65\u67aa\u548c\u730e\u72ac\u300b\uff08The Rifle and the Hound in Ceylon\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8d1d\u514b\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5174\u8da3\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u3001\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u3001\u519b\u4eba\u548c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u975e\u6d32\u53ca\u4e9a\u6d32\u591a\u5730\u65c5\u884c\u3001\u63a2\u9669\u548c\u72e9\u730e\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u591a\u90e8\u6e38\u8bb0\u548c\u63a2\u9669\u8457\u4f5c\u30021848\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u6765\u5230\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5e76\u7559\u9a7b\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u7ecf\u5386\u5199\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u00b7\u6000\u7279\u00b7\u8d1d\u514b\uff08Samuel White Baker\uff09\uff08\u56fe\u6e90\u201c\u5357\u4e9a\u89c2\u5bdf\u201c\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff09\u5728\u300a\u9521\u5170\u6f2b\u6e38\u516b\u5e74\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5148\u662f\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u521d\u5230\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u89c2\u611f\uff0c\u201c\u6c89\u95f7\u201d\u201c\u5931\u671b\u201d\u201c\u843d\u540e\u201d\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5730\u6021\u4eba\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u548c\u4f18\u7f8e\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u5f62\u6210\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f53\u5730\u6c34\u6e90\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u80a5\u6c83\uff0c\u5374\u53ea\u79cd\u690d\u571f\u8c46\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u52aa\u6c83\u52d2\u00b7\u57c3\u5229\u4e9a\uff08Nuwara Eliya\uff09\u5730\u533a\u6797\u6728\u8302\u76db\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u8212\u9002\uff0c\u201c\u5c31\u50cf\u610f\u5927\u5229\u4e00\u6837\u201d\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u5730\u4eba\u70df\u7a00\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 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style=\"margin:0 0 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style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f46\u8d1d\u514b\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5927\u8c61\u201c\u5929\u6027\u66b4\u8e81\u3001\u6709\u6781\u5f3a\u7684\u62a5\u590d\u5fc3\u5e76\u4e14\u6781\u5ea6\u5371\u9669\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c04\u730e\u5927\u8c61\u5408\u60c5\u5408\u7406\u3002\u6574\u90e8\u4e66\u4e2d\u201c\u5927\u8c61\u201d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e94\u767e\u591a\u6b21\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u662f\u8d1d\u514b\u6700\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u730e\u7269\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u8c61\u7259\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5927\u8c61\uff0c\u6c34\u725b\u3001\u9e8b\u9e7f\u3001\u6885\u82b1\u9e7f\u3001\u91ce\u732a\u3001\u718a\u3001\u8c79\u5b50\u3001\u91ce\u5154\u3001\u5c71\u9e51\u3001\u9e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u86c7\u548c\u9cc4\u9c7c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u730e\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u730e\u7269\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u8c61\u3001\u6c34\u725b\u548c\u9e7f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u91ce\u732a\u3001\u718a\u548c\u8c79\u5b50\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5371\u9669\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e13\u95e8\u53bb\u730e\u6740\u3002\u8d1d\u514b\u8be6\u8ff0\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u730e\u7269\u7684\u6355\u6740\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u730e\u7269\u7684\u4e60\u6027\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6355\u730e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6b65\u67aa\u548c\u730e\u72d7\u3002\u300a\u9521\u5170\u7684\u6b65\u67aa\u548c\u730e\u72ac\u300b\u5c01\u9762\u56fe\uff08\u56fe\u6e90Rankuten Kobo\uff09\u8d1d\u514b\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u65c5\u884c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e3a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5f7c\u65f6\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u521d\u6b65\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u79cd\u690d\u56ed\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ecd\u672a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5b8c\u597d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u7530\u56ed\u7267\u6b4c\u7684\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4eba\u6587\u666f\u89c2\u3002\u8f83\u4e4b\u4e8e\u5728\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u201c\u5b98\u65b9\u6e38\u8bb0\u201d\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u5e26\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u4e2a\u4eba\u89c2\u5bdf\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u201c\u79c1\u4eba\u65c5\u884c\u201d\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u5316\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c6\u89d2\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b64\u7c7b\u6e38\u8bb0\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u60f3\u8c61\u5f02\u57df\u201d\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u6279\u5224\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5176\u4ed6\u6e38\u8bb0\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u4e1c\u65b9\u6e38\u5386\u5404\u5730\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u50cf\u8d1d\u514b\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u63a2\u9669\u8005\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5b98\u5458\u4e5f\u8457\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6e38\u8bb0\u7c7b\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u827e\u9ed8\u68ee\u00b7\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\uff08James Emerson Tennent\uff09\u57281845\u20141850\u5e74\u95f4\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u62c5\u4efb\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5927\u81e3\uff08Colonial Secretary\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3001\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u548c\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5f53\u9009\u8fc7\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u9662\u58eb\u3001\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u591a\u90e8\u6e38\u8bb0\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u9521\u5170\u91ce\u8c61\u7684\u6355\u6349\u53ca\u9a6f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff08The Wild Elephant and the Method of Capturing and Taming It in Ceylon\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u91ce\u8c61\u6240\u505a\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u91ce\u8c61\u7684\u79cd\u7fa4\u5206\u5e03\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u4e60\u6027\uff0c\u5927\u8c61\u5728\u91ce\u5916\u4e1b\u6797\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5bf9\u5f85\u5927\u8c61\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5927\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u5316\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6355\u730e\u5927\u8c61\u7684\u573a\u666f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5927\u8c61\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u8c61\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u8c61\u4e0d\u8bba\u516c\u8c61\u6bcd\u8c61\u90fd\u957f\u8c61\u7259\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5927\u8c61\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u516c\u8c61\u6709\u8c61\u7259\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5927\u8c61\u6570\u91cf\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u65e9\u5c31\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9677\u9631\u56f4\u6355\u5927\u8c61\uff0c\u6355\u83b7\u4e4b\u540e\u5982\u4f55\u9a6f\u5316\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u9a6f\u670d\u7684\u5927\u8c61\u8fd0\u9001\u6728\u6750\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5582\u517b\u548c\u7167\u987e\u9a6f\u5316\u7684\u5927\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u5927\u8c61\u7684\u201c\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u201d\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u65c5\u884c\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u300a\u9521\u5170\u91ce\u8c61\u7684\u6355\u6349\u53ca\u8fdb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b \uff08\u56fe\u6e90amazon.com\uff09\u9664\u4e86\u5927\u8c61\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5b9d\u77f3\u3001\u73cd\u73e0\u3001\u77ff\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u3001\u5730\u7406\u5730\u5f62\u3001\u6c11\u4fd7\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u201c\u8c03\u7814\u7c7b\u201d\u8457\u4f5c\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8c03\u67e5\u6210\u679c\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u591a\u79cd\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6e38\u8bb0\u3001\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u7b49\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u753b\u5bb6\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u00b7\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\uff08Samuel Daniell\uff09\uff0c\u66fe\u4e8e18\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u8d74\u5357\u975e\u62c5\u4efb\u968f\u519b\u753b\u5bb6\uff0c1806\u5e74\uff0c\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u6765\u5230\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5e76\u4e00\u76f4\u5c45\u4f4f\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u76f4\u52301811\u5e74\u4e8e\u5c9b\u4e0a\u60a3\u70ed\u75c5\u53bb\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u751f\u6d3b\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u4ee5\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u81ea\u7136\u98ce\u5149\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7269\u4e3a\u9898\u6750\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u51fa\u7248\u6709\u300a\u9521\u5170\u7684\u98ce\u666f\u3001\u52a8\u7269\u53ca\u5c45\u6c11\u7ed8\u753b\u96c6\u300b\uff08A Picturesque Illustration of the Scenery, Animals and Native Inhabitants of Ceylon\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4e3a\u4e13\u95e8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u9014\u7ecf\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5e76\u7559\u4e0b\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u6c49\u5bc6\u5c14\u987f\uff08Alexander Hamilton\uff09\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u300a\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u7fa4\u5c9b\u65b0\u8bb0\u300b\uff08A New Account of the East Indies\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c17\u7ae0\u201c\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u201d\uff08Treats of the Island of Ceylon\uff09\u4e2d\u63cf\u5199\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u6e38\u8bb0\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u6c49\u5bc6\u5c14\u987f\u4ece\u975e\u6d32\u5230\u4e1c\u65b9\u6cbf\u9014\u5404\u5730\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u89c1\u95fb\uff0c\u526f\u6807\u9898\u662f\u201c\u8239\u957f\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u6c49\u5bc6\u5c14\u987f\u57281688\u5e74\u52301723\u5e74\u95f4\u4ece\u597d\u671b\u89d2\u5230\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u65c5\u9014\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6cbf\u9014\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5c9b\u5c7f\u8d38\u6613\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u822a\u7a0b\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4e0e\u7eb3\u514b\u65af\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6c49\u5bc6\u5c14\u987f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u8377\u5170\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u3002\u300a\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u7fa4\u5c9b\u65b0\u8bb0\u300b (\u56fe\u6e90amazon.com)\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u5b89\u5c3c\u65af\u5229\uff08George Annesley\uff09\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u5230\u4e1c\u65b9\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u57281811\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e864\u5377\u672c\u300a1802\u5e74\u30011803\u5e74\u30011804\u5e74\u30011805\u5e74\u548c1806\u5e74\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u9521\u5170\u3001\u7ea2\u6d77\u3001\u963f\u6bd4\u897f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u548c\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u300b\u3002\u5b89\u5c3c\u65af\u5229\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u8d35\u65cf\uff0c\u5c0a\u79f0\u4e3a\u74e6\u4f26\u897f\u4e9a\u4f2f\u7235\uff08Lord Valentia\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee54\u5377\u672c\u6e38\u8bb0\u88ab\u7edf\u79f0\u4e3a\u300a\u74e6\u4f26\u897f\u4e9a\u4f2f\u7235\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Voyages and Travels of Lord Valentia\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5728\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c6\u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c7\u7ae0\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u7ecf\u5386\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u52a0\u5c14\u5404\u7b54\u51fa\u53d1\u3001\u524d\u5f80\u9521\u5170\u7684\u884c\u7a0b\u3001\u62b5\u8fbe\u52a0\u52d2\u3001\u524d\u5f80\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u3001\u4f1a\u89c1\u603b\u7763\u8bfa\u65af\u3001\u9521\u5170\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u72b6\u51b5\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u62d3\u5c55\u3001\u603b\u7763\u8bfa\u65af\u5728\u9521\u5170\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u3001\u4e0e\u5eb7\u63d0\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u3001\u4e0e\u5eb7\u63d0\u7684\u654c\u5bf9\u3001\u82f1\u519b\u5360\u9886\u5eb7\u63d0\u3001\u5eb7\u63d0\u6218\u4e89\u53ca\u6740\u622e\u3001\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u4f20\u6559\u7684\u524d\u666f\u3001\u8377\u5170\u4eba\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u3001\u8089\u6842\u8d38\u6613\u3001\u6539\u5584\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u603b\u7763\u8bfa\u65af\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u70ed\u75c5\u53ca\u533b\u6cbb\u3001\u79bb\u5f00\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u3001\u524d\u5f80\u5c3c\u7518\u5e03\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u57ce\u5821\u3001\u9a6c\u7eb3\u5c14\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u5b89\u5c3c\u65af\u5229\u62b5\u8fbe\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u768419\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u521a\u521a\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u53d6\u4ee3\u8377\u5170\u4eba\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5bf9\u5eb7\u63d0\u7684\u5f81\u670d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u300a\u74e6\u4f26\u897f\u4e9a\u4f2f\u7235\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u603b\u7763\u8bfa\u65af\uff08Frederick North\uff09\u65f6\u671f\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u5bb6\u548c\u63a2\u9669\u8005\u4e5f\u6765\u5230\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5e76\u7559\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u7d22\u7eb3\u62c9\u7279\uff08Pierre Sonnerat\uff09\u5728\u6e38\u8bb0\u300a1774\u5e74\u81f31781\u5e74\u524d\u5f80\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u300b\uff08Voyage aux Indes Orientales et a\u0300 la Chine: fait par ordre du roi, depuis 1774 jusqu\u2019en 1781\uff09\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u548c\u5b9d\u77f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u8def\u6613\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u845b\u6717\u4f2f\u83b1\uff08Louis de Grandpre\u0301\uff09\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u300a1789\u5e74\u52301790\u5e74\u5370\u5ea6\u6d0b\u5230\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u585e\u820c\u5c14\u7fa4\u5c9b\u548c\u4ead\u53ef\u9a6c\u91cc\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u300b\uff08Voyage dans l\u2019Inde et au Bengale fait dans les anne\u0301es 1789 et 1790, contenant la description des i\u0302les Se\u0301chelles et de Trinquemalay\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u5bf9\u4ead\u53ef\u9a6c\u91cc\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u533b\u53ca\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u7f57 \u68ee\u4f2f\u683c\uff08William Ruschenberger\uff09\u5728\u6e38\u8bb0\u300a\u73af\u7403\u822a\u884c\u8bb0\uff1a\u5305\u542b1835\u5e74\u30011836\u5e74\u548c1837\u5e74\u51fa\u4f7f\u9a6c\u65af\u5580\u7279\u548c\u66b9\u7f57\u300b\uff08A Voyage around the World: Including an Embassy to Muscat and Siam in 1835, 1836 and 1837\uff09\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u3002\u745e\u5178\u535a\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5f7c\u5fb7\u00b7\u6851\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Carl Peter Thunberg\uff09\u5728\u300a1770\u5e74\u81f31779\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u6b27\u4e9a\u975e\u4e4b\u65c5\u300b\uff08Travels in Europe, Africa and Asia, Made between the Years 1770 and 1779\uff09\u4e2d\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u690d\u7269\u548c\u5b9d\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e38\u8bb0\u5927\u591a\u64b0\u5199\u4e8e18\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u6d0b\u5c9b\u56fd\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin:1.8em 0 .75em;padding-left:12px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;font-size:1.18em;line-height:1.55;font-weight:700;color:#14213d;\">\u4e8c\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\uff1a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u6982\u8ff0\u4e0e\u7ffb\u8bd119\u4e16\u7eaa\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u53f6\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6216\u8005\u6b96\u6c11\u5b98\u5458\u4ee5\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8457\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u81f4\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6982\u89c8\u7c7b\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u666f\u5f0f\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u4ecb\u7ecd\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53e4\u4ee3\u53f2\u7ecf\u5178\u3001\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u53ca\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u7b49\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u5c31\u67d0\u4e00\u4e13\u95e8\u9886\u57df\u5f00\u5c55\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u79cd\u59d3\u3001\u6c11\u4fd7\u3001\u6c11\u95f4\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u7269\u4ea7\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8c61\u3002\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6982\u89c8\u7c7b\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u5168\u666f\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u4f5c\u4ee5\u6982\u89c8\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u6c11\u4fd7\u98ce\u571f\u5230\u5b97\u6559\uff0c\u50cf\u6e38\u8bb0\u4e00\u6837\u5e38\u5e38\u8bd5\u56fe\u5305\u63fd\u5de8\u7ec6\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5e15\u897f\u74e6\u5c14\uff08Robert Percival\uff09\u4e8e1803\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u53ca\u5176\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u98ce\u4fd7\u4e60\u60ef\u300b\uff08An Account of the Island of Ceylon: Containing Its History, Geography, Natural History, with the Manners and Customs of Its Various Inhabitants\uff09\u3002\u5e15\u897f\u74e6\u5c14\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u6d77\u519b\u519b\u5b98\uff0c\u539f\u5728\u5357\u975e\u670d\u5f79\uff0c1797\u5e74\u6765\u5230\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4e0e\u8377\u5170\u4f5c\u6218\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7559\u9a7b3\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u95f4\u63a2\u8bbf\u5404\u5730\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5c9b\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u800c\u6210\u8fd9\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8fd9\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u540e\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6cd5\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u4e4b\u65c5\u300b\uff08Voyage a\u0300 l\u2019i\u0302le de Ceylan\uff09\u4e3a\u540d\u4e8e1804\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\u53c8\u65b0\u51fa\u82f1\u6587\u7b2c2\u7248\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u589e\u8865\u4e86\u5eb7\u63d0\u738b\u56fd\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c2\u7248\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u53ca\u5176\u5404\u6c11\u65cf\u98ce\u4fd7\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u53ca\u51fa\u4f7f\u5eb7\u63d0\u738b\u56fd\u672d\u8bb0\u3001\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8e\u5c9b\u56fd\u7684\u5730\u56fe\u3001\u56fe\u753b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u8da3\u573a\u666f\u7684\u7248\u753b\uff0c\u9644\u8fd1\u671f\u4e0e\u5eb7\u63d0\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u654c\u5bf9\u7ec6\u8282\u300b\uff08An Account of the Island of Ceylon: Containing its History, Geography, Natural History, with the Manners and Customs of Its Various Inhabitants, to Which Is Added, The Journal of An Embassy to the Court of Candy. Illustrated by A Map, Charts, and Engravings of Some Interesting Scenes in the Island. With an Appendix;<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">Containing Some Particulars of Recent Hostilities with the King of Candy\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u671f\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8461\u8404\u7259\u3001\u8377\u5170\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u5f81\u670d\u548c\u7edf\u6cbb\uff1b\u6982\u8ff0\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u5199\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u603b\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6e2f\u53e3\u3001\u5b63\u98ce\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u3001\u6cb3\u6d41\u3001\u5185\u9646\u4ea4\u901a\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u3001\u884c\u653f\u533a\u5212\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3001\u4ead\u53ef\u9a6c\u91cc\u3001\u8d3e\u592b\u7eb3\u3001\u9a6c\u7eb3\u5c14\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8457\u4f5c\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u73cd\u73e0\u6e14\u4e1a\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ecf\u5e38\u524d\u6765\u5f00\u5c55\u73cd\u73e0\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u666e\u7279\u62c9\u59c6\u53ca\u5c3c\u7518\u5e03\u7684\u76d0\u4e1a\u548c\u6e14\u4e1a\u3001\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u884c\u52a8\u4ee5\u53ca\u5360\u9886\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8457\u4f5c\u5bf9\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5305\u62ec\u5821\u5792\u3001\u6e2f\u53e3\u3001\u519b\u6c11\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u4ee5\u5357\u5404\u5730\u57ce\u5e02\u53ca\u6e2f\u53e3\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u52a0\u52d2\u3001\u9a6c\u5f97\u52d2\u53ca\u5df4\u62c9\u5361\u6d1b\u7b49\u3002\u4e66\u540e\u9644\u5f55\u5305\u62ec\u201c1800\u51fa\u4f7f\u5eb7\u63d0\u672d\u8bb0\u201d\u201c\u9521\u5170\u9053\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u56fe\u201d\u201c1803\u5e74\u82f1\u519b\u5728\u9521\u5170\u6218\u4e89\u8bb0\u5f55\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u663e\u7136\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u968f\u519b\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u603b\u7ed3\u5f53\u65f6\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u62d3\u5c55\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u9976\u6709\u8da3\u5473\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6cbf\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4f4e\u5730\u4eba\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u9ad8\u5730\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5eb7\u63d0\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8be6\u8ff0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u53ca\u5176\u4e2a\u6c11\u65cf\u98ce\u4fd7\u4e60\u60ef\u300b(\u56fe\u6e90amazon.com)\u4e24\u5377\u672c\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u6982\u8ff0\u300b\uff08Ceylon: An Account of the Island\uff09\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6700\u8be6\u7ec6\u3001\u7bc7\u5e45\u6700\u957f\u3001\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u5f0f\u7684\u6982\u89c8\u5f0f\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u827e\u9ed8\u68ee\u00b7\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\u5728\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u5168\u666f\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002\u8457\u4f5c\u4e8e1859\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5206\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u5377\u5171\u4e00\u5343\u591a\u9875\uff0c\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u53ca\u5730\u7406\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u7269\u53e4\u8ff9\u53ca\u7269\u4ea7\u300b\uff08Ceylon, An Account of the Island Physical, Historical and Topographical with Notices of its Natural History, Antiquities and Productions\uff09\u3002\u5168\u4e66\u5171\u520610\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u5377\u54045\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u62c5\u4efb\u5b98\u5458\u671f\u95f4\u4e13\u6ce8\u5b66\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u65e2\u638c\u63e1\u6709\u5173\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e00\u624b\u77e5\u8bc6\u8d44\u6599\u53c8\u957f\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u5199\u4f5c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u591a\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u6982\u8ff0\u300b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5305\u542b\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u5316\u53f2\u3001\u5bf9\u5916\u5173\u7cfb\u53f2\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5207\u5165\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u6982\u8ff0\u300b (\u56fe\u6e90amazon.com)\u201c\u6982\u8ff0\u7c7b\u201d\u8457\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5185\u9646\u53ca\u5176\u5c45\u6c11\u6982\u8ff0\u300b\uff08Account of the Interior of Ceylon and of Its Inhabitants\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5c9b\u56fd\u9521\u5170\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u6982\u8ff0\u300b\uff08Ceylon: A General Description of the Island, Historical, Physical and Statistical\uff09\u3001\u4e24\u5377\u672c\u300a\u9521\u5170\u548c\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u4eba\u300b\uff08Ceylon and the Sinhalese\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u6982\u8ff0\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u67d0\u4e00\u4e13\u95e8\u9886\u57df\u6216\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u65e9\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u89c2\u611f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53f2\u6599\u7814\u7a76\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u201c\u6982\u8ff0\u201d\u8fd8\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u840c\u82bd\u548c\u53d1\u8f6b\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u9650\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u7574\u4e0b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u9010\u6b65\u6210\u4e3a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u968f\u540e\u768419\u201420\u4e16\u7eaa\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8003\u53e4\u3001\u7f8e\u672f\u3001\u52a8\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u690d\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u548c\u5730\u8d28\u5b66\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u672f\u53f2\u7684\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u5230\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u89c6\u89d2\u8fd1\u4ee3\u88ab\u8bd1\u4ecb\u5230\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u8457\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u3001\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u5386\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u867d\u7edf\u800c\u8bba\u4e4b\uff0c\u4f46\u4e09\u7c7b\u8bd1\u8457\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4ee5\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u53e4\u4ee3\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\u7531\u4f5b\u6559\u50e7\u4fa3\u7528\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u64b0\u5199\uff0c\u662f\u53e4\u4ee3\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\u53ca\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\uff0c\u5176\u8bd1\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u5165\u8fd1\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u8bd1\u4ecb\uff1b\u4ee5\u300a\u4e94\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u672c\u751f\u4e66\u300b\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1\u5219\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4f5b\u6559\u50e7\u4fa3\u7531\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u81f3\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u518d\u81f3\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u7684\u8f6c\u8bd1\uff0c\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u50e7\u4fa3\u4e3a\u8fd9\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u7ecf\u5178\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u4f20\u627f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bd1\u8005\u4f17\u591a\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4ec5\u4e3e\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5b66\u8005\u4e3a\u4f8b\u300218\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0b\u534a\u53f6\u6b27\u6d32\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u7ecf\u5178\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u8fdb\u5165\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u672f\u89c6\u91ce\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53e4\u4ee3\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u5c9b\u53f2\u300b\uff08Dipavamsa\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b\uff08Mahavamsa\uff09\u548c\u300a\u5c0f\u53f2\u300b\uff08Culavamsa\uff09\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u8005\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b\u8f83\u5b8c\u6574\u82f1\u8bd1\u7684\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5b98\u5458\u3001\u5b66\u8005\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u7279\u8bfa\uff08George Turnour\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u957f\u671f\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4efb\u804c\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5219\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5e76\u8c19\u719f\u672c\u5730\u6587\u5316\u30021837\u5e74\uff0c\u7279\u8bfa\u5c06\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8bd1\u672c\u4e2d\u9644\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u6587\u5b66\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7279\u8bfa\u8fd8\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5386\u53f2\u300b\uff08History of Ceylon\uff09\u5e76\u4ee5\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5341\u4e00\u5e74\u300b\uff08Eleven Years in Ceylon\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u8363\u8a89\u9662\u58eb\u30021912\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5e0c\u00b7\u76d6\u683c\uff08Wilhelm Ludwig Geiger\uff09\u5c06\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b\u8bd1\u6210\u5fb7\u8bed\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u53c8\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u5408\u4f5c\u8bd1\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u3002\u76d6\u683c\u8fd8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e86\u300a\u5c0f\u53f2\u300b\u5e76\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u591a\u90e8\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u3008\u5c9b\u53f2\u3009\u548c\u3008\u5927\u53f2\u3009\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u9521\u5170\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\u300b\uff08The Dipavamsa and Mahavamsa and Their Historical Development in Ceylon\uff09\u548c\u300a\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b\uff08A Grammar of the Sinhala Language\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u300a\u5c9b\u53f2\u300b\u5219\u7531\u5fb7\u56fd\u5370\u5ea6\u5b66\u5bb6\u8d6b\u5c14\u66fc\u00b7\u5965\u767b\u4f2f\u683c\uff08Hermann Oldenberg\uff09\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u300a\u5c9b\u53f2\u300b\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5c0f\u53f2\u300b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5177\u6709\u53cc\u91cd\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u53e4\u4ee3\u53f2\u5f97\u4ee5\u5448\u73b0\u7ed9\u897f\u65b9\u8bfb\u8005\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ece\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u300a\u5c9b\u53f2\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b\u4e5f\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e2d\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u7531\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u97e9\u5ef7\u6770\u6559\u6388\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002\u300a\u5c9b\u53f2\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5927\u53f2\u300b (\u56fe\u6e90amazon.com)\u5728\u53e4\u5178\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u300a\u672c\u751f\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\uff08The Jataka\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u548c\u4f5b\u6559\u53f2\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5728\u6d41\u4f20\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u8bf8\u591a\u6587\u5b57\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e66\u540d\u4ea6\u5404\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6d41\u4f20\u7684\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u7248\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e94\u767e\u4e94\u5341\u672c\u751f\u4e66\u300b\uff08Pansiyapanas Jataka Pota\uff09\u3002[11]\u672c\u751f\u6545\u4e8b\u5f88\u65e9\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u9646\u7eed\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\u30021895\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u62dc\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u67ef\u536b\u5c14\uff08Edward Byles Cowell\uff09\u5c06\u591a\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u672c\u751f\u6545\u4e8b\u6c47\u7f16\u6210\u96c6\u5e76\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u672c\u751f\u300b\uff08The Jataka\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u51716\u5377\u3002\u7b2c1\u5377\u7531\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u67e5\u9ed8\u65af\uff08Robert Chalmers\uff09\u4e8e1895\u5e74\u7ffb\u8bd1\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b150\u4e2a\u672c\u751f\uff0c\u67e5\u9ed8\u65af\u4e8e1913\u20141915\u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u9a7b\u9521\u5170\u603b\u7763\uff0c\u5176\u95f4\u5728\u4f5b\u7ecf\u7ffb\u8bd1\u65b9\u9762\u7528\u529b\u9887\u52e4\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u7b2c2\u5377\u548c\u7b2c4\u5377\u7531\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u52b3\u65af\uff08William H. D. Rouse\uff09\u548c\u67ef\u536b\u5c14\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c2\u5377\u5171150\u4e2a\u672c\u751f\uff0c\u7b2c4\u537770\u4e2a\u672c\u751f\u3002\u7b2c3\u5377\u8bd1\u8005\u662f\u4ea8\u5229\u00b7\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u5f17\u6717\u897f\u65af\uff08Henry Thomas Francis\uff09\u548c\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5185\u5c14\uff08Robert A. Neil\uff09\u3002\u7b2c5\u5377\u8bd1\u8005\u4e3a\u5f17\u6717\u897f\u65af\uff0c\u8fd140\u4e2a\u672c\u751f\u3002\u7b2c6\u5377\u8bd1\u8005\u4e3a\u67ef\u536b\u5c14\u548c\u52b3\u65af\uff0c\u517110\u4e2a\u672c\u751f\u3002\u300a\u672c\u751f\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6d41\u4f20\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u201c\u539f\u59cb\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u3001\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u548c\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u672c\u751f\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u6d41\u4f20\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c6\u4e3a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5bf9\u5916\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u8bd1\u4ecb\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u674e\u65af\u00b7\u6234\u7ef4\u65af\uff08Thomas William Rhys Davids\uff09\u7b49\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5bf9\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u627f\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u8bd1\u4ecb\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5b97\u6559\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0e\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u5219\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u5343\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u60a0\u4e45\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u65af\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin:1.8em 0 .75em;padding-left:12px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;font-size:1.18em;line-height:1.55;font-weight:700;color:#14213d;\">\u4e09\u3001\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a7618\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u62d3\u5c55\u4e0d\u65ad\u6df1\u5165\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4e00\u5927\u6279\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7814\u7a76\u30021784\u5e74\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u743c\u65af\uff08William Jones\uff09\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u30021823\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u3002\u5728\u968f\u540e\u768419\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u540e\u671f\u548c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u65b9\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u533a\u9646\u7eed\u6210\u7acb\u5b66\u4f1a\u5206\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u903b\u8f91\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\u30021845\u5e74\uff0c\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\uff08The Ceylon Branch of Royal Asiatic Society\uff09\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u6b64\u5f00\u59cb\u673a\u6784\u5316\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u662f\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u8fd0\u884c\u5386\u53f2\u6700\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u4ece1845\u5e74\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u52301948\u5e74\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u72ec\u7acb\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5171\u670925\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u62c5\u4efb\u5206\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u6781\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4f0a\u59cb\uff0c\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u51fa\u7248\u5b66\u4f1a\u520a\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u520a\u8f7d\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u7ae0\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u6c34\u51c6\u30021970\u5e74\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e1845\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u5b66\u4f1a\u520a\u7269\u300a\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u4f1a\u520a\u300b\uff08Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society\uff09\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u520a\u53d1\u5173\u4e8e\u5b66\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u89c4\u7ae0\u5236\u5ea6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f1a\u520a\u8fd8\u520a\u8f7d\u4e868\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u6d89\u53ca\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u9521\u5170\u6587\u5b66\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u7684\u7f57\u9a6c\u5b57\u4e66\u5199\u3001\u6930\u5b50\u6811\u75c5\u866b\u5bb3\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u9521\u5170\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u53e4\u94b1\u5e01\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u62a5\u544a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u65e2\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u8003\u53e4\u7b49\u5b66\u672f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u6cbb\u5b89\u548c\u75c5\u866b\u5bb3\u9632\u6cbb\u7b49\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ece1845\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u5927\u7ea6\u6bcf\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e00\u671f\u4f1a\u520a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee5\u520a\u7269\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u8005\u56e2\u961f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u4e2d\u6709\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u516c\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u8005\u7b49\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u51e0\u4e4e\u65e0\u6240\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u5230\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u4ece\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u3001\u4ece\u5730\u8d28\u5230\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u3001\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u30021845\u20141948\u5e74\uff0c\u9521\u5170\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u4f1a\u520a\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u4e0a\u767e\u5e74\uff0c\u5171\u520a\u53d1\u767e\u4f59\u671f\uff0c\u6570\u767e\u9875\u4e00\u5377\u7684\u5408\u8ba2\u672c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5377\uff0c\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u72ec\u7acb\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9521\u5170\u5b66\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f00\u5c55\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e76\u51fa\u7248\u4f1a\u520a\u3002\u4f1a\u520a\u4e8e1972\u5e74\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5206\u4f1a\u4f1a\u520a\u300b\uff08Journal of the Sri Lanka Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society\uff09\uff0c1985 \u5e74\u66f4\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u520a\u300b\uff08Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka\uff09\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e8e\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5173\u520a\u7269\u30021845\u20141948\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u5b66\u8005\u5927\u90fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b9a\u671f\u5728\u4f1a\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u987e\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5b66\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u68b3\u7406\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u54c1\u53ef\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6b27\u6d32\u89c6\u89d2\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5982\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\uff08Daniel John Gogerly\uff09\uff1b\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6cbb\u7406\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\uff1b\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u963f\u5c14\u7ef4\u65af\uff08James De Alwis\uff09\u548c\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u4f69\u91cc\u65af\uff08Paul Edward Pieris\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u6234\u7ef4\u65af1881\u5e74\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\u521b\u5efa\u5df4\u5229\u5723\u5178\u534f\u4f1a\uff08Pali Text Society\uff09\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\u7b49\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u5bf9\u5357\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u57df\u5916\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\u662f\u536b\u65af\u7406\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4f20\u6559\u671f\u95f4\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf919\u4e16\u7eaa\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u590d\u5174\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u5728\u4f1a\u520a\u521b\u520a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u9521\u5170\u5b66\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u671f\u4e0a\u5c31\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u300a\u8bba\u4f5b\u6559\u300b\uff08On Buddhism\uff09\u548c\u300a\u8bba\u4f5b\u6559\u7eed\u300b\uff08On Buddhism 2\uff09\u3002\u57281845\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u671f\u4f1a\u520a\u4e0a\u90fd\u53d1\u8868\u6709\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u4e0e\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bc1\u8a89\u53c2\u534a\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u679c\u65e2\u6781\u5177\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u591a\u6709\u7455\u75b5\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u8bba\u540e\u4e16\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\u662f\u9521\u5170\u5b66\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u524d\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u91cd\u8981\u5b66\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">1858\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u6210\u7ee9\u6590\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u9009\u4e3a\u9521\u5170\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u64b0\u5199\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\u8fd8\u5728\u4f5b\u7ecf\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u672c\u751f\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u5df4\u5229\u8bed\u2014\u82f1\u8bed\u8bcd\u5178\u7f16\u7e82\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u9ad8\u845b\u7acb\uff08Daniel John Gogerly\uff09 (\u56fe\u6e90worldgenweb.org)\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u4ee5\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6cbb\u7406\u4e3a\u89c6\u89d2\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u5185\u5bb9\u5e9e\u6742\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u30021846\u20141857\u5e74\uff0c\u7530\u7eb3\u7279\u62c5\u4efb\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u662f\u4e0a\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e24\u5377\u672c\u5de8\u8457\u300a\u9521\u5170\u5c9b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u53ca\u5730\u7406\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u3001\u6587\u7269\u53e4\u8ff9\u53ca\u7269\u4ea7\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u300a\u9521\u5170\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u300b\uff08Christianity in Ceylon\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u9521\u5170\u91ce\u8c61\u7684\u6355\u6349\u53ca\u9a6f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\u5728\u62c5\u4efb\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5b98\u5458\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u4ea7\u201c\u53f6\u9f3b\u8725\u8734\u201d\uff08Ceratophora Tennentii\uff09\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u3002\u5438\u7eb3\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u8005\u52a0\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u961f\u4f0d\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5bf9\u672c\u5730\u6c11\u98ce\u6c11\u4fd7\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u5b97\u6559\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8131\u79bb\u4e0d\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u963f\u5c14\u7ef4\u65af\u662f\u9521\u5170\u7acb\u6cd5\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\uff0c\u5728\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u8457\u4f5c\u9887\u4e30\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u65e9\u671f\u4f1a\u520a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u591a\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7b2c10\u671f\u7684\u300a\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u4eba\u7684\u79f0\u8c13\u8bed\u53ca\u656c\u8bed\u300b\uff08Terms of Address and Modes of Salutation in Use amongst the Sinhalese\uff09\u548c\u7b2c11\u671f\u7684\u300a\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bed\u4fee\u8f9e\u300b\uff08Sinhalese Rhetoric\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bba\u6587\u5bf9\u4e8e\u50e7\u4f3d\u7f57\u8bfb\u8005\u800c\u8a00\u610f\u4e49\u5e76\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u57df\u5916\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u672c\u571f\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7eb3\u5165\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u65e2\u80fd\u591f\u4e30\u5bcc\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u878d\u5408\u6216\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u672f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u624d\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6d3b\u529b\u548c\u751f\u547d\u529b\u3002\u5728\u9521\u5170\u5206\u4f1a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u961f\u4f0d\u4e2d\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u8005\u4e5f\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u53f2\u7f16\u7e82\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5b66\u672f\u5efa\u6784\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u5730\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u672c\u5730\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5b66\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u4e0b\u6210\u957f\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u4f69\u91cc\u65af\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u9521\u5170\u4e0e\u8377\u5170\u4eba\uff1a1658\u20141796\u300b\uff08Ceylon and the Hollanders, 1658-1796\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u9521\u5170\u4e0e\u8461\u8404\u7259\u4eba\uff1a1505\u20141658\u300b\uff08Ceylon and the Portuguese, 1505-1658\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8461\u8404\u7259\u53ca\u8377\u5170\u7edf\u6cbb\u65f6\u671f\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin:1.8em 0 .75em;padding-left:12px;border-left:4px solid #2f5d9f;font-size:1.18em;line-height:1.55;font-weight:700;color:#14213d;\">\u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u8bed\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd<\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 1.05em;\">\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6b96\u6c11\u7ea6150\u5e74\u5e76\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u65e2\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u6b96\u6c11\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5177\u6709\u201c\u77e5\u8bc6\u751f\u4ea7\u201d\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u6839\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u627f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u6027\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u603b\u7ed3\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u5b66\u672f\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5851\u5f62\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8ba4\u8bc6\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u3002\u6574\u4f53\u5ba1\u89c6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6587\u5b66\u5316\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\u7c7b\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u5bf9\u65af\u91cc\u5170\u5361\u57df\u5916\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u6e38\u8bb0\u7c7b\u8457\u4f5c\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u671f\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u57df\u5916\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e2d\u90fd\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u6e38\u8bb0\u662f\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c4\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p 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