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\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4fee\u5efa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8fd0\u6cb3\uff0c\u5373\u6052\u6cb3\u8fd0\u6cb3\u3002\u65e9\u57281836\u5e74\uff0c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u62c9\u585e\u5c14\u00b7\u79d1\u5c14\u6587\u4e0a\u6821\uff08Col. John Russell Colvin\uff09\u9996\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u83b7\u5f97\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u8003\u7279\u5229\u7235\u58eb\uff08Sir Proby Thomas Cautley\uff09\u7684\u540c\u610f\u3002\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u8003\u7279\u5229\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u6b64\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u591a\u5927\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f00\u51ff\u4e00\u6761\u8fd0\u6cb3\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u4f4e\u6d3c\u5730\u5e26\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5e72\u71e5\u7684\u9ad8\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u6781\u4e3a\u8352\u8c2c\u3002\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u8003\u7279\u5229\u7235\u58eb\u753b\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6765\u6e90\/A Memoir of Colonel Sir Proby Cautley, 1802\u20131871, Engineer and Paleontologist, Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, 1980.\u7136\u800c\uff0c1837-1838\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u963f\u683c\u62c9\u9965\u8352\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u8fd180\u4e07\u4eba\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u8fd11000\u4e07\u5362\u6bd4\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6551\u6d4e\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ed9\u82f1\u56fd\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u635f\u5931\u3002\u8003\u7279\u5229\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u5efa\u9020\u8fd0\u6cb3\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u575a\u4fe1\u4fee\u5efa\u4e00\u6761500\u516c\u91cc\u957f\u7684\u8fd0\u6cb3\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u53cd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u8d22\u653f\u65b9\u9762\u987e\u8651\u91cd\u91cd\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u7279\u5229\u8fd8\u662f\u82b1\u8d39\u4e86\u516d\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bf4\u670d\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8463\u4e8b\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u6e10\u8d5e\u6210\u4fee\u5efa\u8fd0\u6cb3\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u30021839\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u603b\u7763\u5965\u514b\u5170\u52cb\u7235\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u540c\u610f\u4e0b\uff0c\u62e8\u6b3e\u7ed9\u8003\u7279\u5229\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd0\u6cb3\u89c4\u5212\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u8fb9\u7f18\u5730\u5e26\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u52d8\u5bdf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8463\u4e8b\u4f1a\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd0\u6cb3\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9965\u8352\u4e25\u91cd\u4e14\u8303\u56f4\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6761\u8fd0\u6cb3\u9700\u8981\u8986\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6c47\u5408\uff08Doab\uff09\u5730\u533a\u3002\u201cDoab\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5357\u4e9a\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u300a\u725b\u6d25\u5370\u5730\u8bed\u2014\u82f1\u8bed\u8bcd\u5178\u300b\u4e2d\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6cb3\u6d41\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u5230\u8fbe\u5176\u6c47\u5408\u5904\u7684\u5730\u533a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

1842\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u8fd0\u6cb3\u6316\u6398\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f00\u542f\u3002\u8003\u7279\u5229\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u7816\u5934\u3001\u7816\u7a91\u548c\u7070\u6ce5\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u54c8\u91cc\u74e6\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7267\u5e08\u5341\u5206\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5723\u6d01\u7684\u6052\u6cb3\u6c34\u4f1a\u88ab\u7981\u9522\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8003\u7279\u5229\u7684\u5b89\u629a\uff0c\u624d\u540c\u610f\u5728\u5927\u575d\u4e0a\u7559\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u53e3\uff0c\u6c34\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u5730\u6d41\u8d70\u3002\u8003\u7279\u5229\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b89\u629a\u796d\u53f8\uff0c\u627f\u62c5\u4fee\u590d\u6cbf\u6cb3\u7684\u6c90\u6d74\u9ad8\u5854\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8003\u7279\u5229\u9075\u5faa\u5370\u5ea6\u672c\u5730\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u8c61\u5934\u795e\u7518\u5c3c\u8bb8\uff08Ganesh\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5584\u59cb\u4e4b\u795e\uff09\u4e3a\u5927\u575d\u63ed\u5e55\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u5965\u514b\u5170\u52cb\u7235\u5378\u4efb\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u7ee7\u4efb\u8005\u57c3\u4f26\u4f2f\u52d2\u52cb\u7235\uff08Lord Ellenborough\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u603b\u7763\uff0c\u4ed6\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u592a\u613f\u610f\u5f00\u5c55\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u516c\u5171\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5176\u4efb\u671f\u5185\uff0c\u4ed6\u62d2\u7edd\u4e3a\u8fd0\u6cb3\u5efa\u9020\u9879\u76ee\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u91d1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f4\u52301844\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4e01\u683c\u52cb\u7235\uff08Lord Hardinge\uff09\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u603b\u7763\u65f6\uff0c\u6052\u6cb3\u5de5\u7a0b\u624d\u53c8\u88ab\u63d0\u4e0a\u53f0\u9762\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u8d44\u91d1\u5f00\u59cb\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u6d8c\u6765\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd0\u6cb3\u65f6\u4fee\u65f6\u505c\u7684\u50f5\u5c40\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u8003\u7279\u5229\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u4e8e1845\u5e74\u56de\u82f1\u56fd\u4f11\u517b\u3002\u8003\u7279\u5229\u5229\u7528\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u9017\u7559\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5f53\u4ee3\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u6c34\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u7b49\u4ed6\u56de\u5230\u5370\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4fee\u5efa\u8fd0\u6cb3\u7684\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u638c\u6743\uff0c\u5f62\u52bf\u5f97\u4ee5\u626d\u8f6c\u3002\u5728\u8003\u7279\u5229\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd0\u6cb3\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u8fd8\u7b97\u987a\u5229\u3002\u5927\u575d\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\u8fd0\u6cb3\u7684\u5c71\u95f4\u6eaa\u6d41\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u9c81\u5c14\u57fa\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u8003\u7279\u5229\u4fee\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u6c34\u6e20\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd0\u6cb3\u5ef6\u4f38\u534a\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u5e76\u6bd4\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6cb3\u9ad825\u7c73\u3002<\/p>\n

1854\u5e744\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u6052\u6cb3\u8fd0\u6cb3\u7531\u8fbe\u5c14\u8c6a\u897f\u52cb\u7235\uff08Lord Dalhousie\uff09\u526a\u5f69\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u901a\uff0c\u603b\u8d44\u672c\u6295\u5165\u4e3a215\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u8fd0\u6cb3\u4e3b\u6cb3\u9053\u957f560\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u652f\u6d41\u957f492\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u5404\u652f\u6d41\u957f4800\u516c\u91cc\u30021855\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u8fd0\u6cb3\u5f00\u59cb\u704c\u6e89\uff0c\u60e0\u53ca\u591a\u8fbe5000\u4e2a\u6751\u5e84\u4e2d\u8d85\u8fc73100\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u571f\u5730\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f0a\u6069\u00b7\u65af\u901a\uff08Ian Stone\uff09\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8fd0\u6cb3\uff0c\u5176\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u548c\u57c3\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u704c\u6e89\u7ebf\u8def\u603b\u548c\u7684\u4e94\u500d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u8fd0\u6cb3\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8fd0\u6cb3\u8fd8\u8981\u957f\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u9762\u4e34\u5185\u5fe7\u5916\u60a3\uff0c\u6052\u6cb3\u8fd0\u6cb3\u822a\u8fd0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4f3c\u4e4e\u96be\u4ee5\u5f15\u8d77\u82f1\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u8fd0\u6cb3\u4e5f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u704c\u6e89\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8f83\u5c11\u7528\u4e8e\u822a\u8fd0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u822a\u8fd0\u72b6\u51b5\u582a\u5fe7\uff1a<\/h2>\n

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