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\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4e09\u6b21\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u96be\u6c11\u6f6e\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u96be\u6c11\u6f6e\u5927\u81f4\u6709\u4e09\u6ce2\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u53d1\u751f\u57281979\u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u5165\u4fb5\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u52a8\u8361\u7684\u653f\u5c40\u5f15\u53d1\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u6050\u614c\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u4eba\u5916\u9003\u30021979\u20141984\u5e74\uff0c\u9003\u5230\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7684\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230200\u4e07\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5206\u6563\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u5404\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u897f\u5317\u8fb9\u5883\u7701\u548c\u4ffe\u8def\u652f\u7701\u3002\u76f4\u52301989\u5e74\u82cf\u8054\u64a4\u519b\uff0c\u96be\u6c11\u5371\u673a\u624d\u7a0d\u6709\u7f13\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6b64\u540e\u5927\u7ea6\u670920\u4f59\u4e07\u540d\u96be\u6c11\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u3002\u4f46\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u653f\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u7eb3\u5409\u5e03\u62c9\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u56fd\u5185\u53cd\u5bf9\u5916\u6765\u52bf\u529b\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u65e5\u76ca\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u7eb3\u5409\u5e03\u62c9\u653f\u5e9c\u57281992\u5e74\u89e3\u4f53\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u653f\u5c40\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\u52a8\u8361\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9677\u5165\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u968f\u5373\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6ce2\u96be\u6c11\u6f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u591a\u6570\u96be\u6c11\u6765\u81ea\u5580\u5e03\u5c14\u5e02\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e09\u6ce2\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u5854\u5229\u73ed\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5854\u5229\u73ed\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u7ec8\u7ed3\u4e86\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4e3b\u653f\u540e\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e25\u82db\u7684\u9ad8\u538b\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u4f7f\u8bb8\u591a\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fcd\u8010\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u5458\u9003\u79bb\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u96be\u6c11\u7f72\uff08UNHCR\uff09\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6ce2\u96be\u6c11\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc713\u4e07\u4eba\u79bb\u5f00\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u3002\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u96be\u6c11\u9063\u8fd4\u96be\u9898\u5728\u5854\u5229\u73ed\u7edf\u6cbb\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u7684\u8d2b\u56f0\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u5267\uff0c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u906d\u5230\u4e25\u91cd\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u9965\u997f\u4eba\u53e3\u6025\u5267\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ece\u5854\u5229\u73ed\u638c\u6743\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u52a8\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u6218\u4e89\u524d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u96be\u6c11\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u6301\u7eed\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u800c\u613f\u610f\u88ab\u9063\u8fd4\u7684\u96be\u6c11\u5219\u5c48\u6307\u53ef\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

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\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u201c\u4e2d\u4ecb\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u7684\u542f\u793a\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4e2d\u4ecb\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u754c\u5c31\u66fe\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u53ca\u3002\u4f11\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5e03\u62c9\u6d1b\u514b\uff08Hubert Blalock\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u6216\u4e2d\u4ecb\u5c11\u6570\u6c11\u65cf\uff08Middleman Minority\uff09\u662f\u5728\u4e3b\u5bfc\u548c\u4ece\u5c5e\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u8c03\u8282\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u88ab\u591a\u6570\u7fa4\u4f53\u9694\u79bb\u4e86\u7684\u8fb9\u7f18\u5316\u79cd\u65cf\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u3002\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u666e\u4ec0\u56fe\u4eba\u51fa\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u800c\u9009\u62e9\u8fc1\u5c45\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u4ece\u4e8b\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u9010\u6e10\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u5730\u533a\u805a\u5c45\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u666e\u4ec0\u56fe\u4eba\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u884c\u4e1a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u5176\u81f3\u5728\u4ffe\u8def\u652f\u7701\u7b49\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u4e0a\u5f62\u6210\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u666e\u4ec0\u56fe\u4eba\u5c31\u5145\u5f53\u4e86\u5df4\u57fa\u65af\u5766\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u4ecb\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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