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\u4e8c\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u548c\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u8054\u5927\u51b3\u8bae\u201d\u5206\u5ead\u9a73\u56de\u9a6c\u5c14\u4ee3\u592b\u57fa\u4e8e\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4e3b\u6743\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u662f2019\u5e74ICJ\u7684\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u6d89\u53ca\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u4e0e\u4e3b\u6743\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u6548\u529b\u3002ICJ\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u5f53\u7531\u4e8e\u53cc\u8fb9\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u800c\u884c\u4f7f\u88c1\u91cf\u6743\u62d2\u7edd\u7b54\u590d\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4ece\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u540e\u679c\u6848\u201d\u4e2d\u6fc0\u70c8\u8fa9\u8bba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6cd5\u9662\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u54a8\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u7b54\u590d\u201c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u89c4\u907f\u4e00\u56fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4e49\u52a1\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u5176\u4e89\u7aef\u672a\u7ecf\u5176\u540c\u610f\u63d0\u4ea4\u53f8\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u201d,\u5219\u6cd5\u9662\u5373\u6709\u201c\u8feb\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u7684\u7406\u7531\u201d(a compelling reason)\u62d2\u7edd\u53d1\u8868\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8be5\u6848\u6784\u6210\u6b64\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6cd5\u9662\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u8054\u5927\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\u4e0e\u53cc\u8fb9\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u8054\u5927\u201c\u5e76\u672a\u5411\u6cd5\u9662\u63d0\u4ea4\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u4e3b\u6743\u7684\u53cc\u8fb9\u4e89\u7aef\u201d,\u201c\u4e0d\u662f\u5411\u6cd5\u9662\u5bfb\u6c42\u610f\u89c1\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e24\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9886\u571f\u4e89\u7aef\uff0c\u201d\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u6cd5\u9662\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5c31\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u66fe\u8868\u8fbe\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u8868\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6cd5\u9662\u85c9\u7531\u7b54\u590d\u8bf7\u6c42\u800c\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u8fb9\u4e89\u7aef\u3002\u201d\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cITLOS\u5206\u5ead\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u4e0e\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u4e3b\u6743\u4e89\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u7d27\u5bc6\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5206\u5ead\u8ba4\u4e3a\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u4e3b\u5f20\u5177\u6709\u786e\u5b9a\u65e0\u7591\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u2026\u2026\u8be5\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e0eICJ\u5173\u4e8e\u5206\u79bb\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u7ba1\u7406\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u9879\u5177\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u4e0d\u6cd5\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\u76f8\u8fdd\u80cc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201d\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5206\u5ead\u8ba4\u4e3a\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u201c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0cICJ\u5173\u4e8e\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u7ba1\u7406\u56fd\u82f1\u56fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5c0a\u91cd\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u7684\u9886\u571f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u6697\u793a\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u5bf9\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u201d\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u5206\u5ead\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u7684\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u4e0e\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u201c\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u201d,\u56e0\u6b64\u201c\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u5fc5\u7136\u7275\u6d89\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u201d\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u6548\u529b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5206\u5ead\u627f\u8ba4ICJ\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u62d8\u675f\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u62d8\u675f\u6027\u548c\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9\u6240\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4e1d\u6beb\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u5224\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5206\u5ead\u8ba4\u4e3aICJ\u5728\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u90a3\u4e9b\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u786e\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6548\u529b\u201d,\u5e76\u7531\u6b64\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5730\u4f4d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u201c\u627f\u8ba4\u201d\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u968f\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u201c\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u8054\u5927\u51b3\u8bae\u201d,\u5206\u5ead\u5e76\u672a\u5341\u5206\u5f3a\u8c03\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5206\u5ead\u53ea\u662f\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u8054\u5927\u5728\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u8be5\u51b3\u8bae\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5730\u4f4d\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u672a\u6309\u671f\u9075\u5b88\u5927\u4f1a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u5206\u5ead\u5173\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u8981\u6c42\u4e0e\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u8ba4\u5b9a\u76f8\u8fdd\u80cc\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5206\u5ead\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n

\u6839\u636eICJ\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u5206\u5ead\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9a6c\u5c14\u4ee3\u592b\u5173\u4e8e\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u4e89\u7aef\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4ecd\u65e7\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002\u5206\u5ead\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u672c\u6848\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0cICJ\u7684\u54a8\u8be2\u610f\u89c1\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u6f84\u6e05\u4e86\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u2026\u2026\u82f1\u56fd\u548c\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u7ee7\u7eed\u5bf9\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u63d0\u51fa\u5404\u81ea\u4e3b\u5f20\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u2026\u2026ICJ\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u5b9a\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u662f\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u7684\u9886\u571f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u82f1\u56fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e3b\u5f20\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u4e3b\u6743\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u2018\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u58f0\u79f0\u2019(a mere assertion)\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u58f0\u79f0\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bc1\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u7aef\u3002\u201d\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8ba4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5206\u5ead\u9a73\u56de\u4e86\u9a6c\u5c14\u4ee3\u592b\u57fa\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u5ead\u65e0\u6743\u88c1\u5224\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4e3b\u6743\u4e89\u7aef\u7684\u4e24\u9879\u53cd\u5bf9\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u5206\u5ead\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u975e\u6b96\u6c11\u5316\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6bdb\u91cc\u6c42\u65af\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u67e5\u6208\u65af\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u6cbf\u6d77\u56fd\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u4e8e\u6d77\u6d0b\u5212\u754c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0e\u9a6c\u5c14\u4ee3\u592b\u6709\u76f8\u5411\u6216\u76f8\u90bb\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u9ad8\u5065\u519b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u6cd5\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u5b66\u9662\u6559\u6388<\/p>\n

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